
Municipal Organisation and Authority for Smart City Planning
Code: 108539Credits: 6
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Management of Smart and Sustainable Cities | OP | 4 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Judith Gifreu Font
- Email :
- judith.gifreu@uab.cat
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites.
The course does not require any prior legal knowledge. The public law concepts necessary to follow the course will be introduced progressively and applied to real or plausible cases of municipal management.
The course is taught in Catalan.
Objectives
The main aim of the course is to provide students with the basic tools needed to understand how a city council is legally organised and how smart city projects can be developed within the competential, organisational, urban planning, contractual, financial and safeguard framework applicable to local government.
A smart city is not merely a city equipped with sensors, data, digital platforms or automated systems. From a public sector perspective, it is a city in which technology is used to improve urban services, support better decision-making, optimise resources, enhance sustainability and improve citizens’ quality of life. For this to be possible, smart city projects must be legally viable: the city council must have the legal powers to act, select the appropriate legal instrument, procure or finance the project correctly, comply with urban planning and sector-specific regulations, protect personal data and guarantee transparency, participation and democratic oversight.
The course aims to introduce students enrolled in a technology- and urban-oriented degree programme to applied administrative law as an essential layer in ensuring the feasibility of innovative urban projects. The course is therefore conceived as a municipal project laboratory. Based on a real or simulated challenge developed in cooperation with a city council or local institution, students will be required to design the legal and organisational roadmap needed to implement a smart and sustainable city initiative.
This course complements the technical subjects included in the degree programme. While other subjects provide students with the tools to design, model or develop smart city solutions, this course focuses on their administrative and institutional feasibility. The aim is for students not only to be able to devise a smart city project, but also to understand how to present it to a city council, determine its legal and competential basis, identify the required legal instrument, establish how it may be procured, assess how it may be financed through grants or other public funding sources, and identify the administrative, urban planning, environmental, contractual and data protection requirements that must be taken into account in order to implement it.
The specific objectives are:
- To understand the basic organisation of local governments and the role played by municipal political, managerial and technical bodies in urban decision-making.
- To identify the municipal powers related to smart cities, including urban planning, the urban environment, mobility, public services, energy, waste, water, public space, housing, safety, citizen participation, digital administration and data management.
- To understand the relationships between city councils and other public authorities and bodies, including the Government of Catalonia, the Spanish State, provincial councils, county councils, the European Union and other public entities, in the context of complex urban projects.
- To introduce the basic urban planning concepts required for the deployment of infrastructure, sensors, networks, services or platforms linked to smart cities.
- To become familiar with the legal instruments available to city councils, including ordinances, plans, regulations, instructions, agreements, public contracts, grants, public-sector assignments, authorisations and licences.
- To analyse how urban technology projects are procured and the legal risks they may entail, including the definition of the subject matter of the contract, technical and financial capacity, award criteria, data ownership, interoperability, maintenance, supplier dependency and reversibility.
- To understand the basic operation of grants and public funding for smart city projects, including European funds and calls for proposals related to urban innovation, sustainability and digitalisation.
- To identify the main legal risks associated with the use of data, sensors, artificial intelligence and automated systems at municipal level.
- To prepare, as part of a team, a proposal for a legally viable municipal smart city project.
Learning outcomes
- CM12 (Apply innovative solutions to solve urban planning problems in the context of professional practice.) Apply innovative solutions to solve urban planning problems in the context of professional practice.
- KM18 (Identify environmental, mobility and spatial planning problems in a prioritised manner.) Identify environmental, mobility and spatial planning problems in a prioritised manner.
- SM16 (Use quantitative and qualitative techniques for the study, modelling and planning of energy systems, mobility and regional planning.) Use quantitative and qualitative techniques for the study, modelling and planning of energy systems, mobility and regional planning.
- SM17 (Modelling the planning and management of services and infrastructures in relation to energy, the water cycle, atmospheric pollution and waste.) Modelling the planning and management of services and infrastructures in relation to energy, the water cycle, atmospheric pollution and waste.
Contents
Programme
Unit 1. The smart and sustainable city as a municipal public project. The smart city as a space for integrating technology, sustainability, public services and citizens’ rights. The sustainable city as a legal and political objective. The role of administrative law in the deployment of innovative urban planning solutions. From a technical solution to a municipal public project. Legal feasibility as a prerequisite for the adoption and implementation of urban innovation by a city council.
Unit 2. The city council as an urban governance organisation. The municipality as the basic public administration responsible for urban management. Municipal administrative structure. Decision-making in complex urban projects. The role of technical teams in the definition, implementation and oversight of smart city policies.
Unit 3. Municipal powers and multilevel governance. Local autonomy and the allocation of powers. Own, delegated and shared powers. Minimum municipal services. Municipal powers in urban planning, the urban environment, mobility, energy, the water cycle, waste, air pollution, public space, housing, citizen participation and digital administration. Relations between the city council and other public authorities and European institutions. Agreements, delegations, public-sector assignments, technical assistance and supramunicipal funding.
Unit 4. Territorial planning, urban planning and smart public space. Territorial and urban planning as the basis of the sustainable city. Land classification and zoning. Urban systems, public facilities, open spaces, road networks and infrastructure. Deployment of urban technological infrastructure: sensors, networks, charging points, environmental monitoring stations, smart lighting, street furniture, green infrastructure and public space. Licences, prior notifications, authorisations and occupation of the public domain. The connection between planning, urban modelling and smart city management.
Unit 5. The urban environment, environmental quality and climate adaptation. Municipal powers relating to the protection of the urban environment. Air, noise and light pollution. Environmental sensor networks and air-quality measurement systems. Low-emission zones and other municipal instruments for environmental improvement. Local climate plans, climate change adaptation, urban renaturalisation and green infrastructure. The legal framework governing environmental indicators, environmental information and citizen participation in urban environmental policies.
Unit 6. Smart and sustainable urban mobility. Local powers relating to mobility, traffic, urban transport, parking and public space. Sustainable urban mobility plans. Low-emission zones, parking regulation, urban freight distribution, shared mobility, charging points and mobility data. Digital platforms for traffic and mobility management. Legal risks associated with cameras, sensors, automated monitoring systems, mobility data and data-driven decision-making.
Unit 7. Essential urban services: energy, water and waste. The role of municipalities in the urban energy transition: energy efficiency, municipal facilities, smart public lighting, self-consumption, local energy communities, charging points and urban heating and cooling networks. Local powers relating to water supply, sanitation, sewerage, urban drainage and stormwater management. Digitalisation of the water cycle: smart meters, consumption sensors, leak detection and network monitoring. Municipal powers relating to urban waste, separate collection, smart containers, user identification, environmental taxation, the circular economy and service traceability.
Unit 8. Public procurement, service management and public-private cooperation. Public procurement as an instrument for the implementation of smart city projects. Service, supply, works, concession and mixed contracts. Procurement of sensors, urban platforms, energy systems, mobility services, water management, waste services, street cleaning and urban maintenance. Tender specifications, economic and technical capacity, award criteria, lots, interoperability, cybersecurity, data ownership, maintenance, service continuity and reversibility. Direct and indirect management of local public services. Risks arising from technological dependency and loss of public control.
Unit 9. Grants, funding and municipal regulatory instruments. Grants as an instrument of public support. Regulatory bases, calls for applications, beneficiaries, assessment criteria, eligible expenditure, justification and control. European, national, regional, provincial and metropolitan funding for sustainable and smart urban projects. Project reports, budgets, timetables, indicators and financial sustainability. Ordinances, regulations, municipal plans, instructions, protocols, service charters, agreements, tender specifications and urban strategies. When a legal rule is required and when a planning or management instrument is sufficient.
Unit 10. Urban data, artificial intelligence and the challenge-based learning project clinic. Urban data for planning and service management. The use of quantitative and qualitative data in mobility, energy, water, waste, air pollution and territorial planning. City platforms, digital twins, predictive systems and municipal dashboards. Data protection, transparency, reuse of public-sector information, cybersecurity and data governance. The use of artificial intelligence in municipal management: human oversight, non-discrimination, explainability and accountability.
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reading of legal texts, teaching materials and institucional documents | 25 | 1 | KM18 |
| Preparation of the CBL project | 45 | 1.8 | SM17 |
| Theoretical and practical classes | 25 | 1 | KM18 |
| Monitoring CBL project | 20 | 0.8 | CM12, SM17 |
| CBL workshops and case-solving activities | 20 | 0.8 | SM16, SM17 |
| Gamificaction and case-solving activities | 15 | 0.6 | CM12, KM18 |
The course will be taught using a challenge-based learning methodology (CBL). It will combine theoretical explanations, case analysis, gamification and teamwork. The central component of the course will be the development of a CBL project linked to a smart and sustainable city challenge, designed in collaboration with a public institution working in the fields of urban innovation, data, sustainability, mobility, energy, public space or digital transformation.
The methodology aims to familiarise students with the actual workings of a city council. Each team will therefore be expected to act as a technical unit responsible for preparing the project.
The learning activities will include:
- Theoretical and practical classes on municipal organisation, local powers, urban planning, public procurement, grants, data, transparency and artificial intelligence.
- Gamification workshops and the resolution of cases relating to smart urban projects.
- Teamwork to prepare the CBL project.
- Reading and analysis of legislation, institutional guidelines, tender specifications, grant calls and municipal documents.
- Legal clinic sessions and project review.
- A final oral presentation in a simulated institutional setting.
Course documentation, teaching materials and communications will be made available through the Virtual Campus.
Consideration will be given to the possibility of organising an external visit to the Department of Territory, Housing and Ecological Transition of the Government of Catalonia will be considered.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBL project | 40% | 0 | 0 | SM16, SM17 |
| Oral presentation of the CBL project | 15% | 0 | 0 | CM12, KM18 |
| Two group-based case studies/gamified activities and one individual case study/gamified activity. | 45% | 0 | 0 | CM12, KM18 |
The course provides for two assessment methods:
1.- Continuous assessment: Assessment will be based on continuous assessment and will consist of three main activities: the resolution of practical cases and gamified activities carried out as part of the theoretical and practical sessions (45%), the preparation of the CBL project (40%) and the oral defence of the project (15%).
Continuous assessment will consist of the following activities:
- Three practical cases and/or gamified activities carried out as part of the theoretical and practical sessions (individual and group activity). Throughout the course, three applied activities will be proposed to assess students’ ability to identify legal and institutional issues linked to smart city projects. Two of them will be group assessment activities and one will be an individual assessment activity. These activities may involve the resolution of short cases, simulations of municipal decision-making, identification of the competent public authority, analysis of a call for grants, preparation of a basic procurement strategy, analysis of the occupation of public space, assessment of risks arising from the use of urban data, or resolution of conflicts between different public interests. Gamified dynamics may also be used, such as team challenges, the allocation of municipal roles, rapid decision-making exercises, classification of legal risks or the defence of alternative options in a specific municipal situation. Assessment will take into account the ability to apply the concepts covered in class, the quality of the reasoning, the justification of the decisions adopted, effective participation and the ability to work with basic legal and institutional information.
- Final CBL project dossier (group activity). Each team must submit a complete proposal linked to the smart and sustainable city challenge presented during the course. The dossier must include the project’s executive report, the justification of the public interest, the identification of the urban issue to be addressed, the map of powers and responsibilities, the identification of the public authorities involved, the municipal organisational map, the proposed legal instrument, any necessary urban planning or public domain occupation requirements, the public procurement or service management strategy, possible funding or grant sources, the analysis of data, transparency, data protection and cybersecurity issues, the matrix of legal and institutional risks, and a basic proposal for a timetable and assessment indicators. Particular emphasis will be placed on ensuring that the project is not merely a technical idea, but a proposal capable of being processed administratively, legally substantiated, financially realistic and consistent with the ordinary functioning of a city council.
- Oral defence of the CBL project (group activity). Teams must present and defend their proposal in an academic or institutional setting, preferably with the participation of individuals linked to local government or urban innovation policies. Assessment will take into account clarity of presentation, the ability to summarise, the strength of the legal justification, the administrative feasibility of the project, the response to the questions raised and the ability to communicate a technical and legal proposal to a non-specialist audience.
The three practical cases and/or gamified activities and the oral defence may be reassessed, subject to the lecturer’s assessment of the reasons for the student’s absence from the activity on the scheduled date. The CBL dossier may not be reassessed.
Under the continuous assessment system, class attendance is not compulsory, although it will be taken into account in the final grade for the course. Where an absence is duly justified (illness, force majeure or a similar situation), students may miss one of the assessable activities consisting of cases, tests or commentaries, which will not be included in the final grade. Where there is no justification, the activity will be graded with a zero.
Reassessment. Students who fail the course may be reassessed provided that they have obtained a minimum grade of 3 out of 10. Reassessment will consist of a written examination, worth 50% of the grade, and two practical cases covering the course syllabus, each worth 25% of the grade.
2.- Single assessment: The single assessment will be individual. Students who, for justified reasons and with prior authorisation from the lecturer, are unable to attend classes may be assessed on the date officially scheduled for the course examination by means of a written examination, worth 50% of the grade, and two practical cases covering the course syllabus, each worth 25% of the grade.
Reassessment. The same reassessment system as that provided for continuous assessment will apply.
General criteria
1.- The course is passed when a final grade of 5 out of 10 is obtained. However, a minimum grade of 2.5 out of 4.5 must be obtained in the CBL dossier.
2.- Feedback and/or grading of assessment activities by the teaching staff will be provided within a maximum period of one week. For each assessment activity, a place, date and time will be specified for review, during which students may review the activity with the teaching staff. In this context, students may submit claims concerning the grade awarded for the activity, which will be considered by the teaching staff responsible for the course. If students do not attend this review, the activity will not be reviewed at a later date.
3.- Students may request a review of the grades awarded for assessable activities within the period specified when each grade is published. The review will preferably take place during a tutorial or a session arranged with the teaching staff.
4.- The distinction of Honours may be awarded to students who have obtained a final grade equal to or higher than 9.0, in accordance with the limits established by the applicable academic regulations. The number of Honours distinctions may not exceed 5% of the students enrolled in the course during the corresponding academic year, unless fewer than 20 students are enrolled, in which case one Honours distinction may be awarded. Where the number of students with a grade equal to or higher than 9.0 exceeds the number of Honours distinctions available, the award will be decided by jointly taking into account the highest final grade, the quality of the final CBL project dossier, the strength of the oral defence, sustained participation in the theoretical and practical and gamified activities, and the ability to integrate rigorously the competential, legal, contractual, financial, environmental and data-related aspects of the project. In the event of a tie, the Honours distinction will be decided by drawing lots.
5.- A student will receive a grade of “Not assessable” where they have not provided sufficient assessment evidence to evaluate the achievement of the course learning outcomes. For these purposes, a student will be considered “Not assessable” where they have not completed assessment activities worth more than 30% of the final grade for the course, in accordance with the UAB assessment guidelines.
6.- If a student cheats, commits plagiarism or is found in possession of a prohibited device during an assessment test, the teaching staff will award a grade of zero for that assessment activity and will report the matter to the Faculty Dean’s Office by submitting a report on the circumstances and evidence of the incident, with a view to requesting the possible initiation of disciplinary proceedings against the student. This assessment activity may not be reassessed. If more than one irregularity occurs in assessment activities for the same course, the final grade for the course will be zero.
7.- Restricted use of generative artificial intelligence. In this course, the use of artificial intelligence technologies is permitted for support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, text correction or translation. Students must clearly identify which parts have been generated using this technology, specify the tools used and include a critical reflection on how those tools have influenced the process and the final outcome of the activity. A lack of transparency in the use of artificial intelligence in an assessable activity will be regarded as a breach of academic integrity and may result in a partial or total penalty in the grade awarded for the activity, or in more serious sanctions in severe cases. The lecturer will give prior notice where the use of artificial intelligence is not permitted in a specific activity.
8.- No differentiated treatment will apply to students repeating the course.
9.- Requests for rescheduling. This will apply where a student suffers from a serious illness or where any other duly justified exceptional circumstance prevents them from completing the learning activity. The assessment criteria and instructions of the School of Engineering may be consulted.
10.- Students with disabilities or specific educational support needs (NESE) may contact the UAB Equality and Diversity Service, which provides specific support to enable them to participate fully and independently in academic and social life at the university.
Bibliography
No compulsory bibliography.
Recommended basic bibliography
- ALMONACID LAMELAS, Víctor, Vademécum de organización, funcionamiento y régimen jurídico de las entidades locales, El Consultor de los Ayuntamientos, Madrid, 2013.
- CAMPOS ACUÑA, María Concepción, “Administración digital e inteligencia artificial: ¿un nuevo paradigma en el Derecho público?”, en RAMIÓ, Carles, coord., Repensando la Administración digital y la innovación pública, INAP, Madrid, 2021, p. 109-142.
- CÀTEDRA ENRIC PRAT DE LA RIBA D'ESTUDIS JURÍDICS LOCALS-ASSOCIACIÓ CATALANA DE MUNICIPIS, Col·lecció Sóc regidor i ara què?, 14 volums, Barcelona, 2023: Disponible a https://acm.cat/actualitat/publicacions/
- CERRILLO I MARTÍNEZ, Agustí, El derecho para una inteligencia artificial centrada en el ser humano y al servicio de las instituciones, Aranzadi, Cizur Menor, 2021.
- CERRILLO I MARTÍNEZ, Agustí, La gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial en las administraciones públicas, Diputació de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2022.
- FACCIOLI, Carlotta, Calidad del aire y ciudad inteligente (Smart City), Atelier, Barcelona, 2020.
- FERNÁNDEZ FERRARONS, Mònica, El procediment d’elaboració de les ordenances locals a la llum de la millora de la regulació, Atelier, Barcelona, 2020.
- FONT I LLOVET, Tomàs; GALÁN GALÁN, Alfredo, Anuario del Gobierno Local, Fundación Democracia y Gobierno Local, diverses edicions.
- GIFREU FONT, Judith; FUENTES GASÓ, Josep Ramon, dirs., Règim jurídic dels governs locals de Catalunya, 2a ed., Tirant lo Blanch, València, 2022.
- LORA-TAMAYO VALLVÉ, Marta, Manual de Derecho Local, Iustel, Madrid, 2015.
- MARTÍNEZ FERNÁNDEZ, José Manuel, coord., La gestión de los servicios públicos locales, El Consultor de los Ayuntamientos, Madrid, 2019.
- PALMA ORTIGOSA, Adrián; SORIANO ARNANZ, Alba, “Gobernar con algoritmos: fundamentos jurídicos de la inteligencia artificial en el sector público”, Revista General de Derecho Administrativo, núm. 72, 2026.
- REVUELTA PÉREZ, Isabel, “Comunidades energéticas: desafíos jurídicos para los entes locales”, Anuario de Derecho Municipal, núm. 16, 2022.
- RIVERO YSERN, José Luis, Manual de Derecho Local, Civitas, Madrid, darreres edicions.
- VELASCO CABALLERO, Francisco, Derecho local. Sistema de fuentes, Marcial Pons, Madrid, 2009.
Recommended supplementary bibliography
- AAVV., La Administración local ante la gestión de la protección de datos, Thomson Reuters Aranzadi, Cizur Menor, 2019.
- COTINO HUESO, Lorenzo, dir., Derecho y garantías ante la inteligencia artificial y las decisiones automatizadas, Aranzadi, Cizur Menor, 2022.
- COTINO HUESO, Lorenzo, “Riesgos e impactos del big data, la inteligencia artificial y la robótica. Enfoques, modelos y principios de la respuesta del Derecho”, Revista General de Derecho Administrativo, núm. 50, 2019.
- CRIADO, J. Ignacio, Inteligencia artificial y administraciones públicas, Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública, Madrid, 2021.
- GOBIERNO DE ESPAÑA, Libro verde de sostenibilidad urbana y local en la era de la información, Madrid, 2012.
- PONCE SOLÉ, Juli, El derecho a una buena administración y la calidad de las decisiones administrativas, Fundación Democracia y Gobierno Local, Barcelona, 2019.
- PONCE SOLÉ, Juli, Derecho urbanístico, derecho a la ciudad y buena administración, diverses publicacions.
- SÁNCHEZ MORÓN, Miguel, Derecho Administrativo, Tecnos, Madrid, darreres edicions.
Software
The course does not require any specific software.
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE