The instruction and training of the students is based on the following activities:

1. Directed activities:

1.1 Lectures: where students learn the conceptual bases of the subject and learn the regulatory and jurisprudential legal framework. Lectures are the activities in which less interactivity is required of the student and are designed as an exhibition to establish the conceptual references in each topic.

1.2. Seminars: where the students, in small groups, analyse previously prepared practical cases together with the teaching staff. In specific cases, the cases will be worked out in class. The basis of the practical work is the understanding and application of the concepts explained in the theoretical classes.

1.3. Assessment: continuous assessment activities and final exam

2. Supervised activities:

These are activities that the students develop in the classroom, with the supervision and support of the teaching staff. It is about the preparation of some practical case in the classroom.

3. Independent activities:

3.1. Preparation of practical activity documents: which will be delivered and analysed in the classroom.

3.2. Search for bibliography and instrumental materials for the resolution of practical cases. In some cases, students will have to search for the documentation independently

1. Assessment Model

An 80% attendance rate is a requirement to pass the course.

Students will be considered assessable provided they have completed a set of activities whose combined weighting amounts to at least two-thirds of the total course grade. If the value of the completed activities does not reach this threshold, the teaching staff may classify the student as “not assessable.”

Continuous assessment is calculated based on: exam grades (50%) and practical assignments (50%).

Single assessment will consist of: a first activity (25%), a second activity (25%), and a common activity identical to the final continuous assessment exam (50%). The assessment must be prepared using the compulsory course bibliography.

2. Final Examination (common to continuous and single assessment) and passing requirements

The examination consists of two parts:

A multiple-choice test. The minimum passing mark for this section is 5 out of 10. Incorrect answers may be penalised.

A written development section, in which students must answer at least two of the proposed questions.

Only students who achieve these minimum marks will be eligible to pass the examination, provided that their overall final grade is equal to or higher than 5 out of 10.

The final grade will be calculated as the average of the test and written sections.

3. Resit Examinations

Students who do not pass continuous assessment or who fail the final examination will have the opportunity to resit the assessment on a second examination date. This second exam will follow the same format and assessment criteria as the first.

Students under the single assessment system will be subject to the same resit procedures as those under continuous assessment.

4. Academic Misconduct

If a student cheats or attempts to cheat in an examination, they will fail the course with a mark of 0 and will lose the right to resit.

Plagiarism in coursework will result in a failing grade for that assignment. Repeated misconduct will result in failing the course (0) and loss of the right to resit.

5. Restricted Use of Artificial Intelligence

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted in this course exclusively for support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, proofreading, or translation.

Students must clearly indicate which parts of their work have been generated using such technologies, specify the tools used, and include a critical reflection on how these tools have influenced the process and the final outcome.

Failure to transparently disclose the use of AI in assessed activities will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in partial or total penalties in the grade, or more severe sanctions in serious cases.

6. Punctuality

Classes begin punctually. Late entry is not permitted once the class has started, nor is early departure allowed before it ends, except with reasonable justification.

7. Seminars

Practical activities carried out in seminars will be completed collectively during sessions scheduled within the framework of the course topics. These require continuous student engagement.

Materials for each seminar will be made available in advance through the Virtual Campus so that students can prepare beforehand.

Students must submit two individual practical assignments:

First assignment: an individual written analytical exercise on one of the seminar topics. This assignment must be passed with a minimum grade of 5 out of 10. Students who do not achieve this minimum may resit the practical component through a specific question in the final exam related to seminar topics.

Second assignment: a group-based activity consisting of:

i) a group debate on a topic assigned by the teaching staff, organised as an internal debate league followed by a final debate phase. Each group must defend a specific position;

ii) a group presentation of the conclusions on one of the topics addressed during the debate phases.

Written assignments in which improper citation or textual use is detected—particularly plagiarism or inability to justify the arguments used—will be graded 0 and will result in a formal warning. Repeated misconduct will lead to failing the course (0) and loss of the right to resit.

8. Participation

Since attendance is mandatory, participation requires students to attend all classes, except where properly justified.

Students who attend less than 80% of classes will not be assessed. Absences may only be justified for reasons of illness, force majeure, or previously authorised academic reasons.

Students’ attitude and active participation in class activities will also be taken into account.

Students who are repeatedly warned by the teaching staff for maintaining an attitude that disrupts the normal conduct of classes may be penalised by a reduction in their final grade derived from the three components described above.

9. Activity Schedule

On the first day of the course, students will be provided (via the course space on the Virtual Campus) with a weekly schedule of theoretical and practical activities to be carried out throughout the course