
Navigation and Air Traffic Control Techniques
Code: 101750Credits: 6
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Aeronautical Management | OB | 3 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Fernando Gordejuela Sanchez
- Email :
- fernando.gordejuela@uab.cat
Teaching staff
- Aleksandar Jovanovic
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
To be able to assimilate the subject correctly, the knowledge of CNS (Communications, Navigation and Surveillance) given in the "Telecommunications in the Aeronautical Sector" subject (second course) is requested.
Objectives
The objective of this course is to provide students with a solid technical and operational background in the principles, technologies, and regulatory frameworks underpinning air navigation and Air Traffic Management (ATM). Through a comprehensive approach, students will master the fundamental concepts of geodesy, aeronautical cartography, applied meteorology, and rules of the air, which are essential for flight planning and understanding air traffic circulation. Furthermore, they will acquire an in-depth knowledge of the technical infrastructure of Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS) —including the use of radio navigation aids, satellite-based augmentation systems, data links, and the SACTA control system—, and will understand the linkage of Airspace Management (ASM), the provision of Air Traffic Services (ATS), and the optimization of network capacity through Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management (ATFCM) in accordance with current international regulations, preparing them to analyze and respond to operational and safety challenges in both airport and en-route environments.
Learning outcomes
- CM16 (Develop projects for the deployment and optimisation of aeronautical process operation, control and management systems, aimed to achieve efficiency and operational sustainability.) Develop projects for the deployment and optimisation of aeronautical process operation, control and management systems, aimed to achieve efficiency and operational sustainability.
- KM26 (Describe the aeronautical environment in the field of airport operations, including operations in the terminal control area (TMA), as well as the new aircraft-tower navigation, surveillance and communications systems (Datalink).) Describe the aeronautical environment in the field of airport operations, including operations in the terminal control area (TMA), as well as the new aircraft-tower navigation, surveillance and communications systems (Datalink).
- KM29 (Identify opportunities for improvement in operational efficiency and cost reduction through the implementation of the new 4D trajectory management in the aeronautical sector.) Identify opportunities for improvement in operational efficiency and cost reduction through the implementation of the new 4D trajectory management in the aeronautical sector.
- KM31 (Identify the technology to be implemented on manned aircraft to respond to communication, navigation and surveillance needs, as well as the technological resources necessary for the airside management of operations in the terminal control area.) Identify the technology to be implemented on manned aircraft to respond to communication, navigation and surveillance needs, as well as the technological resources necessary for the airside management of operations in the terminal control area.
- KM35 (Describe the key aspects of the regulatory framework applicable to aeronautical management, including the JAR, EASA and other relevant national and international frameworks.) Describe the key aspects of the regulatory framework applicable to aeronautical management, including the JAR, EASA and other relevant national and international frameworks.
Contents
Contents Theoretical Classes
Theory Block I: FUNDAMENTALS OF AIR NAVIGATION
Unit 1: CONCEPT OF AIR NAVIGATION.
• pre-flight planning
• positioning
• guided
• route concept
• flight plan
• on-board instruments
• types of navigation
Unit 2: CARTOGRAPHY AND GEODESY.
• earth movements and their effects
• time systems
• Earth's magnetic field
• geographic reference systems
• the scale
• cartographic projections
• aeronautical charts
• drift
Unit 3: METEOROLOGY.
• the atmosphere
• ISA
• wind
• cloud types
• front areas
• pressure changes
• turbulence, dew point, icing, shear
• weather aeronautical reports (MET)
• decoding messages
• meteorological offices
Unit 4: AIR TRAFFIC.
• general concept
• position reports
• ATC objectives
• international regulations
• national and community legislation
• ultimate goal of air navigation
• regulatory bodies and ANSPs
• flight rules
• flight levels
Theory II Block: COMMUNICATIONS, NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (CNS)
Unit 5: RADIO WAVES AND AERONAUTICAL NAVIGATION (NAV).
• basic concepts
• electromagnetic spectrum
• conventional systems
• satellite systems
• RNAV and RNP concepts
• PBN concept
• GNSS concept
• augmentation systems
Unit 6: COMMUNICATIONS (COM).
• aeronautical fixed service
• aeronautical mobile service
• aeronautical messages
• Aeronautical mobile satellite service
• aeronautical broadcasting service
• aeronautical radionavigation service
• separation of aeronautical frequencies
• CPDLC system
Unit 7: AIR SURVEILLANCE (SUR).
• General concepts
• types of radars
• multilateration
• ADS
Theory III Block: AIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TECHNIQUES
Unit 8: AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES GENERAL CONCEPTS (ANS) .
• air traffic management (ATM)
• ANS functional areas
• temporary processes
• aeronautical information service (AIS)
• search and rescue (SAR)
Unit 9: MANAGEMENT OF AIRSPACE (ASM).
• airspace classes
• aerial areas
• principles and strategies
• flexible use of airspace (FUA)
• time phases
• free flying and free route airspace (FRA)
• RPAS integration
• U-space concept
Topic 10: AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES (ATS)
• main objectives
• FIS
• ALR
• ATC
• TWR aerodrome control service
• ACC area / route control service
• APP approach control service
• minimum separation by time and distance
• TBS concept
• RVSM concept
• conflict alert systems
• remote control towers
Unit 11: MANAGEMENT OF THE AIRFLOW AND CAPACITY OF THE AIRSPACE (ATFCM).
• principles and objectives
• time phases
• regulatory measures
• CFMU
• air delays
Contents Practical Classes
1. Computer-Based Simulation of Arrival and Departure Traffic in a Terminal Control Area
2. Radar Vectoring for Arrival Sequencing and Separation Assurance
3. Speed Control Techniques for Managing Arrival Flows
4. Conflict Detection and Resolution in a Simulated Approach Control Environment
5. Runway Capacity Analysis and Departure–Arrival Sequencing
6. Weather-Avoidance Procedures and Rerouting in Terminal Airspace
7. Sector Configuration, Workload Balancing and Position Combining in Simulated ATC Operations
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Theory Classes | 30 | 1.2 | |
| Study | 45 | 1.8 | |
| Seminars Preparation | 20 | 0.8 | |
| Seminars | 5 | 0.2 | |
| Practical Sessions | 16 | 0.64 | |
| Development research work | 30 | 1.2 |
The general methodological approach of the subject is based on the principle of using a variety of strategies, with the aim of encouraging active participation and allowing students to construct their own learning process. In this regard, the course will include full-group lectures, practical activities, participatory debates, and processes for monitoring student work.
COURSE DEVELOPMENT
To deliver the subject and its seminars, PowerPoint presentations and short videos will be used.
All topics are complemented by practical laboratory sessions. Resources are also distributed to students to enable them to carry out the practical activities.
USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED TECHNOLOGY
Restricted use: For this subject, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted exclusively for support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, text correction or translation, or for identifying techniques to solve specific parts of an activity provided that the student is able to understand what the AI technology provides and integrate it into their own problem-solving or activity development process. Under no circumstances is it permitted to use AI technologies to directly obtain the solution to an assigned activity. For this reason, when submitting their proposed solution to an assessable activity, the student must clearly identify which parts were generated using this technology, specify the tools used, and include a critical reflection on how these influenced both the process and the final outcome of the activity. A lack of transparency in the use of AI in such activities will be considered academic dishonesty and may result in partial or full penalties in the activity grade, or more serious sanctions in severe cases.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory Practices | 40% | 0 | 0 | CM16, KM26, KM29, KM31, KM35 |
| Theory Exam 2 | 30% | 2 | 0.08 | CM16, KM26, KM29, KM31, KM35 |
| Theory Exam 1 | 30% | 2 | 0.08 | CM16, KM26, KM29, KM31, KM35 |
The assessment of the course consists of the following components:
- Theory exams (60%): Two exams will be held, one in the middle of the semester and one at the end.
- Practical sessions (40%): Assessed through practical session evaluations.
Final grade calculation:
The final course grade (N) is calculated as follows:
N = 30% (EX1) + 30% (EX2) + 40% (Practicals)
Theory exams
Both EX1 (April) and EX2 (June) will consist of 30 multiple-choice questions with a maximum duration of 60 minutes. Each question will have four possible answers, with only one correct answer. Incorrect answers will incur a penalty equal to one-third of the value of a correct answer.
EX2 will assess only the course content that was not covered in EX1.
Attendance and active participation in theory classes may increase the average mark of EX1 and EX2 by up to 0.5 points.
Practical Sessions
There will be 10 laboratory sessions. Each session will be assessed through a short oral or written test conducted at the end of the session. Students who do not attend a practical session will receive a grade of 0 for that session. Missed practical sessions cannot be recovered.
Passing conditions and recovery mechanisms
To pass the course, students must obtain:
- A minimum grade of 5.0/10 in the overall practical component.
- A minimum grade of 5.0/10 in each theory exam (EX1 and EX2).
Only the theory exams are eligible for recovery.
During the June recovery assessment, students may retake one or both theory exams (EX1 and/or EX2), following the same format described above.
For example, a student who fails or does not attend EX1 in April but passes EX2 in the regular June examination may retake only EX1 during the recovery assessment.
Students retaking both exams (60 questions in total) will have a maximum examination time of 2 hours.
Students wishing to retake an exam to improve their grade must notify the instructor by email at least 72 hours before the recovery examination. In such cases, the grade obtained in the recovery exam will replace the original grade, even if it is lower than the grade obtained in the regular examination.
Once a student begins the recovery examination, it must be completed and submitted for grading.
Special grades
Honors distinctions (Matrícula d’Honor): Granting an honors grade is at the discretion of the subject's instructor.
UAB regulations state that MH can only be awarded to students who achieve a final grade of 9.00 or higher. Up to 5% of enrolled students may receive this distinction.
A student will be considered not assessable (NA) if:
- They have not participated in any evaluable activity.
- They have not participated in one of the evaluation blocks (e.g., no exams but did attend practicals, or no practicals but did sit one or all exams).
Ethical considerations and disciplinary measures
Without prejudice to other disciplinary measures that may be applied, and in accordance with current academic regulations, any irregularities committed by a student that could affect the grade of an evaluation will be graded with a zero.
Therefore, copying or allowing others to copy a practical or any other assessment activity will result in a zero, and if that component is essential to pass the subject, the entire subject will be failed.
Bibliography
Warning: See virtual campus for extensions and updates of this bibliography
Basic bibliography
- ICAO annexes
- ICAO Doc. 9750, Global Air Navigation Plan
- ICAO Doc. 9613, Performance-based Navigation (PBN) Manual
- ICAO Doc. 9849, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Manual
- ICAO Doc. 9854, Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept
- ICAO Doc 4444 ‘Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Air Traffic Management’ (PANS-ATM)
- European ATM Master Plan
- Air Navigation Rules of Spain
- SERA (Standardised European Rules of the Air)
- \"Navegación aérea: posicionamiento, guiado y gestión del tráfico aéreo\" - SÁEZ NIETO, Francisco Javier
- \"Descubrir la navegación por satélite\" - DE MATEO GARCÍA, María Luz
- \"Descubrir el control aéreo\" - ONTIVEROS, Jorge
- \"Fundamentals of air traffic control\" - NOLAN, Michael S.
Complementary bibliography
- Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical knowledge (FAA).
- Aeronautical Information Manual (FAA).
- Global Operational Data Link Documento (OACI).
- Link 2000+ Guidance to Airborne Implementers (Eurocontrol).
- ATC Fecha Link Operational Guidance for LINK 2000+ Services (Eurocontrol).
- Flight Crew Fecha Link Operational Guidance for LINK 2000+ Services (Eurocontrol).
- Air traffic controllers ab-initio course (SENASA)
- \"Mecánica del vuelo\" - GÓMEZ TIERNO, Miguel Ángel
- \"Aerodinámica básica\" - MESEGUER RUIZ, José
Software
None
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE
| Type of teaching | Group | Language | Semester | Shift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (TE) Theory | 11 | Spanish | second semester | afternoon |
| (PLAB) Practical laboratories | 11 | English | second semester | afternoon |
| (PLAB) Practical laboratories | 12 | English | second semester | afternoon |