
Quantitative Social Research Methods
Code: 101146Credits: 6
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Sociology | OB | 2 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Marc Ajenjo Cosp
- Email :
- marc.ajenjo@uab.cat
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
It is recommended to have successfully completed the first-year subject Methodology and Design.
Objectives
The course is an introduction to the methods and techniques of data production (collection) and basic analysis from a quantitative methodological perspective. The main goal is to provide students with the knowledge and ability to apply the main methods and techniques for producing and analyzing quantitative data in the field of sociology.
Specifically, the course aims for students to build their learning based on:
• Knowledge and understanding of concepts related to the research process in social sciences from a distributive or quantitative perspective, from the construction of the object of study, data collection/production, to statistical analysis.
• Beginning to acquire the ability to design and plan a complete research process, especially one derived from survey research.
• Ability to apply, through an actual empirical work exercise, the technical tools needed to measure sociological concepts through a questionnaire: building the questionnaire, defining the statistical sample, conducting fieldwork, preparing, and performing basic analysis of collected data.
• Introduce students to the basic principles of data manipulation using a spreadsheet (Excel).
• Basic and instrumental knowledge in using statistical software (RStudio) for entering and identifying survey data, transforming it, and conducting univariate statistical analysis.
• Ability to interpret statistical analysis results from both technical and substantive perspectives based on the theoretical and methodological model developed.
• Basic ability to evaluate the validity and reliability of survey study results and critically argue its limitations and hypothesis-testing capabilities.
The course belongs to the area of knowledge about statistical methods and quantitative techniques. On one hand, it builds upon the first-year course Methodology and Design, which introduces research methodology and logic in social sciences. On the other, it runs parallel to the qualitative methodology course, and both precede the second-semester Methods of Analysis course.
Learning outcomes
- Students must be capable of assessing the quality of their own work.
- Students must be capable of managing their own time, planning their own study, managing the relationship with their tutor or adviser, as well as setting and meeting deadlines for a work project.
- Working in teams and networking in different situations.
- Searching for documentary sources starting from concepts.
- Developing critical thinking and reasoning and communicating them effectively both in your own and other languages.
- Developing self-learning strategies.
- Mentioning the main concepts of sociology.
- Indicating their dimensions, their possible quantitative indicators and the significant qualitative evidence in order to empirically observe them.
- Identifying the main quantitative and qualitative methods and techniques.
- Explaining the methodological basis of these quantitative and qualitative methods and techniques.
- Relating them with the different approaches of sociology.
- Using the univariate statistical tools.
- Using the appropriate software to the univariate statistical tools.
- Measuring a social phenomenon with these instruments on the basis of a theoretical framework of analysis.
- Using the basic multivariate statistical tools.
- Using the appropriate software to the basic multivariate statistical tools.
- Defining concepts of analysis.
- Formulating a hypothesis with these concepts.
- Preparing an analytical tool that is significant to this hypothesis.
- Obtaining conclusions from the information obtained with this tool.
Contents
Part I. DATA PRODUCTION
Topic 1. Introduction to the quantitative methodological perspective
Topic 2. The survey
2.1 From analysis model to operationalization of concepts
2.1.1 Analysis model and design
2.1.2 Research process and stages of the survey method
2.1.3 Operationalization of concepts
2.1.4 Measurement: concept and types of measurement. Validity and reliability
2.2 General characteristics of survey research
2.2.1 Definition and characteristics of the survey
2.2.2 Types of surveys
2.2.3 Sample design
2.3 Questionnaire construction: context of the statement
2.3.1 Types of questions
2.3.2 Formulation of questions
2.3.3 Construction of scales
2.3.4 Questionnaire organization: questions and discourse
2.4 Questionnaire administration
2.4.1 Context of statement: social situation and communication contract
2.4.2 Fieldwork: organization and planning
2.5 Information recording
2.5.1 Data and data matrix. Units and variables
2.5.2 Coding and data recording
2.5.3 Identification of data in digital format
Part II. DATA ANALYSIS
Topic 3. Descriptive statistics of a variable
3.1 Statistical data analysis
3.1.1 Statistics in Social Sciences: descriptive and inferential statistics
3.1.2 Graphical representation: coordinate systems, linear functions, other functions
3.2 Descriptive statistics of one variable
3.2.1 Frequency distributions
3.2.2 Graphical representations of qualitative and quantitative variables
3.2.3 Measures of central and non-central position
3.2.4 Measures of dispersion
3.2.5 Measures of shape
3.2.6 Exploratory data analysis
Topic 4. Fundamentals of sampling and statistical inference for a single variable
4.1 Introduction to Sampling
4.1.1 Fundamental concepts of sampling
4.1.2 Types of sampling
4.1.3 The Normal and Student's t statistical distributions
4.1.4 Maximum margin of error and sample size calculation based on a specified maximum error
4.2 Univariate Inference
4.2.1 Confidence intervals for proportions
4.2.2 Confidence intervals for means
Topic 5. Data Preparation and Analysis (Excel and RStudio)
5.1. Introduction to Excel
5.1.1. Absolute and relative references (using the $ symbol) and basic formulas
5.1.2. Pivot tables
5.2. Data and File Transformation in RStudio
5.2.1. Data checking and validation
5.2.2. Levels of measurement of variables and data classes in RStudio
5.2.3. Data transformation: recoding, calculations, and related operations
5.2.4. File manipulation
5.3. Univariate Data Analysis in RStudio
5.3.1. Descriptive statistics in RStudio
5.3.2. Introduction to the ggplot2 package
5.3.3. Univariate inference: constructing confidence intervals
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reading of texts | 35 | 1.4 | 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 19, 20 |
| Practices in the classroom | 26 | 1.04 | 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| Programmed tutorials programmed | 4 | 0.16 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| Individual preparation of written tests | 20 | 0.8 | 4, 8, 9, 14 |
| Master class | 26 | 1.04 | 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| Teamwork | 35 | 1.4 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
The course is designed with a continuous teaching and learning dynamic, which involves following the course pace and the various content that has been designed according to the different scheduled learning activities.
The course content has a common thread linked to the research process, and therefore, the continuity of learning is justified by the progressive incorporation of concepts and tools, as well as by problem-solving and questions, based on the assimilation and practice of each subject matter.
Since the goal of the training is for students to learn how to conduct research in sociology from a quantitative perspective, the teaching methodology and the course's formative activities are a combination of lectures with problem-solving exercises and classroom practices that allow the application of acquired concepts, as well as follow-up tutorials and independent work.
In this regard, the theoretical and practical content are equally weighted in this course, meaning the number of sessions is divided equally between theory and practice, which is also reflected in the assessment.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Practical exercices | 5 % | 0 | 0 | 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| Data Analysis | 20 % | 1.5 | 0.06 | 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20 |
| Part II. Group research project | 15 % | 0 | 0 | 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 20 |
| Part I. Group research project | 20 % | 0 | 0 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 |
| Data Collection | 20 % | 1.5 | 0.06 | 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| Instrumental Skills | 20 % | 1 | 0.04 | 12, 13 |
This course does not provide for a single-assessment system.
Overall, the course assessment consists of five components: course participation and continuous assessment (5%), group project (35%), assessment of instrumental skills (20%), a written exam on data collection (20%), and a written exam on data analysis (20%).
Continuous Assessment
Throughout the semester, students will be required to submit a number of practical exercises. These may be completed either during class sessions or as work outside the classroom.
Although this component cannot be retaken, exceptional and duly justified circumstances will be taken into account, especially when the exercises are carried out during class.
Group Project
The research project will be completed in groups of 4–5 students and consists of two parts: data collection (20%) and data analysis (15%).
- Data Collection. Based on a research question, students must design a survey questionnaire capable of addressing the proposed research question, collect the data, and prepare a data matrix. This part of the project cannot be retaken.
- Data Analysis. Students will conduct an initial univariate analysis of the data, including exploratory, descriptive, and inferential analyses. This part may be revised or repeated to achieve the minimum overall passing grade.
To pass the group project, students must obtain a minimum score of 4 out of 10 across the two submissions. If the final project grade is below 4, students will not be eligible to sit the final examination, and the final course grade will be 2 out of 10.
Instrumental Skills
Around the middle of the semester, students' proficiency in spreadsheet software and their ability to use RStudio for data and file management will be assessed.
Students who obtain a score below 4 must take the final examination.
Data Collection
Around the middle of the semester, a written examination will assess students' knowledge of data collection methods.
Students who obtain a score below 4 must take the final examination.
Data Analysis
On the last day of class, a written examination will assess students' knowledge of univariate data analysis.
Students who obtain a score below 4 must take the final examination.
FINAL EXAMINATION
Students may sit the final examination only if they have obtained a minimum score of 4 on the group project.
The final examination is compulsory for students who score below 4 in any of the following components: instrumental skills, data collection, or data analysis; and for those whose weighted overall average is below 5.
Non-Assessable Students
Students who fail to submit both parts of the group project by the established deadlines will be considered non-assessable.
Academic Integrity and Plagiarism
Students are reminded that, upon enrolment, they agreed to the following commitment:
"I DECLARE that the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona has informed me that (...) Plagiarism is the act of disseminating, publishing, or reproducing all or part of a work under the name of someone other than its true author. This constitutes the misappropriation of ideas created by another person without explicitly acknowledging their origin. Such appropriation infringes the intellectual property rights of that person and is never permitted, regardless of the context, including examinations, assignments, or practical work. Therefore, I COMMIT to respecting the regulations governing intellectual property rights in relation to the teaching and/or research activities carried out at the UAB as part of my studies."
If plagiarism is detected, the corresponding assignment, examination, individual work, or group project will receive a grade of 0.
Use of Artificial Intelligence
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted in this course only for support tasks such as literature and information searches, proofreading, translation, and occasional assistance in the use of RStudio. In the latter case, students must justify how AI was used and demonstrate that they understand the syntax or code provided by the AI.
Any academic misconduct during an assessment activity (including academic fraud, plagiarism, or unauthorized use of AI beyond what is explicitly permitted above) that results in a significant alteration of the assessment outcome will lead to a grade of 0 for that assessment and, consequently, a final course grade of 0. In addition, disciplinary proceedings may be initiated against students who commit such violations. The teaching staff reserves the right to conduct oral interviews or alternative assessments to verify the actual acquisition of knowledge and competencies and, therefore, the validity of the assessment submitted by the student.
Bibliography
Compulsory readings:
López-Roldán, P.; Fachelli, S. (2015). Metodología de la investigación social cuantitativa. Bellaterra (Barcelona): Dipòsit Digital de Documents, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. 1a. edición. http://ddd.uab.cat/record/129382
+ Recursos digitals (dossiers de pràctiques, documents, enllaços,...), programació i la resta d’informació de l’assignatura al Campus Virtual.
Alternative readings:
Azofra, M. J. (1999) Cuestionarios. Madrid: CIS. Cuadernos metodológicos, 26. [ Descarga gratuita en la web del CIS ]
Bardina, X.; Farré, M.; López-Roldán, P. (2005). Estadística: un curs introductori per a estudiants de ciències socials i humanes. Volum 2: Descriptiva i exploratòria bivariant. Bellaterra (Barcelona): Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Col·lecció Materials, 166.
Cea D’ancona, M. A. (1998) Metodología cuantitativa. Estrategias y técnicas de investigación social. Madrid: Síntesis.
Cea D’ancona, M. A. (2004). Métodos de encuesta. Teoría y pràctica, errores y mejora. Madrid: Síntesis.
Domínguez, M.; Simó, M. (2003). Tècniques d’Investigació Social Quantitatives. Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona. Col·lecció Metodologia, 13.
Farré, M. (2005). Estadística: un curs introductori per a estudiants de ciències socials i humanes. Volum 1: Descriptiva i exploratòria univariant. Bellaterra (Barcelona): Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Col·lecció Materials, 162.
García Ferrando, M. (1994) Socioestadística. Introducción a la estadística en sociología. 2a edició rev. i amp. Madrid: Alianza. Alianza Universidad Textos, 96.
Llaudet, Elena; Kosuke, Imai (1997) Data analysis fos social science: a friendly and practical introduction. Princeton: Princeton University Press
López-Roldán, P. (2015). Recursos per a la investigació social. Dipòsit Digital de Documents. Bellaterra (Barcelona): Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. http://ddd.uab.cat/record/89349 | http://pagines.uab.cat/plopez
Quivy, R.; Campenhoudt, L. Van (1997) Manual de Recerca en Ciències Socials. Barcelona: Herder.
Rial, A.; Varela, J.; Rojas, A. J. (2001). Depuración y análisis preliminares de datos en SPSS. Sistemas informatizados para la investigación del comportamiento. Madrid: RA-MA.
Rojas, A. J.; Fernández, S.; Pérez, C. (1998). Investigar mediante encuestas. Fundamentos teóricos y aspectos prácticos. Madrid: Síntesis.
Sánchez Carrión, J. J. (1999). Manual de análisis estadístico de los datos. Madrid: Alianza. Manuales 055.
Software
- Word Processing: LibreOffice Writer or Microsoft Word
- Presentations: LibreOffice Impress or Microsoft PowerPoint
- Spreadsheets: Microsoft Excel
- Quantitative Data Analysis: RStudio
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE
| Type of teaching | Group | Language | Semester | Shift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (TE) Theory | 1 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (SEM) Seminars | 1 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (SEM) Seminars | 10 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (TE) Theory | 51 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |
| (SEM) Seminars | 51 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |
| (SEM) Seminars | 510 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |