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Structural Geology II

Code: 101046
Credits: 6
2026/2027
Degree programme Type Course
Geology OB 3

Contact lecturer

Name :
Elena Druguet Tantiña
Email :
elena.druguet@uab.cat

Teaching staff

Antonio Teixell Cacharo
Elena Druguet Tantiña

Group languages

You can consult this information at the end of the document.

Prerequisites

To have passed the subjects "Fundamentals of Geology" and "Field work on Regional Geology" of the first course of the Degree of Geology and of first and second year respectively of the double degree in Environmental Sciences and Geology.

Objectives

To recognize, identify and interpret ductile deformation structures and their association in different tectonic contexts. This will be done both from a theoretical (genesis of structures) and analytical point of view (real structures). Emphasis will be placed on the student's acquisition of the ability to use the appropriate terminology of structural geology and the acquisition of skills to represent the structural characteristics throughout different methods of graphic representation (maps, cross-sections, detail schemes, stereographic projection and other specific techniques).

Learning outcomes

  • KM34 (Describe the physical principles that govern and condition the mechanical behaviour of different bodies and rock formations.) Describe the physical principles that govern and condition the mechanical behaviour of different bodies and rock formations.
  • KM35 (List the fundamental endogenous processes involved in the modification of relief due to brittle and ductile deformation.) List the fundamental endogenous processes involved in the modification of relief due to brittle and ductile deformation.
  • SM31 (Use the different physical properties of geological materials to predict their mechanical and rheological behaviour under different types of stresses.) Use the different physical properties of geological materials to predict their mechanical and rheological behaviour under different types of stresses.

Contents

BLOCK 1

Topic 1: REVIEW OF CONCEPTS. CONTINUOUS DEFORMATION

Topic 2: HOMOGENEOUS DEFORMATION IN 2D

Topic 3: 2D HETEROGENIC DEFORMATION

Topic 4: DETERMINATION OF STRAIN IN 2D

Topic 5: DEFORMATION IN 3D

Topic 6: GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF DEFORMATION


BLOCK 2

Topic 7: FOLIATIONS AND LINEATIONS

Topic 8: FOLDS

Topic 9: FOLDING

Topic 10: BOUDINAGE STRUCTURES

Topic 11: SUPERPOSITION STRUCTURES

Topic 12: SHEAR ZONES

Topic 13: MILONITES AND RELATED STRUCTURES. KINEMATIC INDICATORS

Topic 14: TECTONIC REGIMES AND DEFORMATION PARTITIONING. INTERNAL DOMAINS OF THE OROGENS


CLASSROOM PRACTICES

Practice 1: Homogeneous deformation through coordinate transformation equations

Practice 2: The Mohr circle for finite homogeneous deformation

Practice 3: Homogeneous deformation in 2D

Practice 4: Heterogeneous deformation in 2D

Practice 5: Methods for determination of deformation: (1) Rf / Φ, (2) Method of Fry

Practice 6: Geological cutting through a strip of folds with cleavage

Practice 7: Folds in stereographic projection and Fleuty classification

Practice 8: Morphology of folds and classification of Ramsay

Practice 9: Polyphase deformation

Practice 10: Shear zones

Practices 11-12: Review of deformation structures


FIELD PRACTICES

Tectonic structures in Cap de Creus (2 field trip days)

-First day: Cadaqués-Guillola-Mas de Rabassers. Recognition and elaboration of cross-sections and structural schemes of zones with folds and associated foliations.

- Second day: Puig Culip - Culleró. Recognition and detail mapping of areas with folds and associated foliations in domains of intense metamorphism and magmatic activity. Relationships tectonics/metamorphism/magmatism. Shear zones.

Learning activities and methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
To learn the theoretical and practical concepts complemented with bibliographic information, complementary practical works 84 3.36
Field practices (field excursions) 14 0.56
Classroom exercises 12 0.48
Lectures 25 1

A combined approach between the theoretical approach (block 1) and the most descriptive (block 2) with a continuous feedback between the reference to the undeformed state (original geological object) and the reference to the deformed state (real structure). This approach applies to the whole course, so that the concepts explained in theory, practices and in the field are interrelated continuously.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Assessment

Continuous assessment activities

Title Weight Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Exam of contents of Block 2 40% 3 0.12 KM34, KM35
Evaluation of field works 10% 5 0.2 KM34, KM35
Theoretical-practical test of the contents of Block 1, with availability of notes and teaching materials of all kinds 35% 3 0.12 KM34, KM35
Evaluation of classroom practices 15% 4 0.16 KM34, KM35, SM31

The assessment will be based on a summation of different qualifications in order to achieve a continuous assessment.

The final evaluation and rating will be based on the sum of the evaluations of:

(1) classroom practice file: 15% (non-retrievable, non-improveable)

(2) fieldwork: 10% (non-retrievable, non-improveable)

(3) theoretical-practical test of Block 1: 35% (retrievable, improveable)

(4) theoretical-practical test of Block 2: 40% (retrievable, improveable)

The weighted average will be obtained from the set of notes based on the specific weight of each of the parts.

To pass the subject by continuous assessment, you must have a minimum average of 5 and have made all the tests, field trips and handed in all coursework within the established deadlines. To average the different parts, a minimum of 3.5 is required for each of the two partial tests (3 and 4).

Retrieval exam: If the requirements exposed above are not met, or if the resulting final average is lower than 5, a retrieval exam may be taken on the date of the final assessment. To be able to attend the retrieval exam, students must have previously been assessed for continuous assessment activities that are equivalent to 2/3 of the final grade. Otherwise, the rating will be \"not assessable\". The retrievable activities in this exam will be activities (3) and (4). Students who have been approved by continuous assessment but who wish to improve their grade, may choose to do so on the same date as the final assessment, by communicating it by email to the teacher responsible for the subject 5 calendar days in advance of the exam date.

Unique assessment modality

Students who have accepted the single assessment modality must complete:

- a single final exam that will include all the content equivalent to tests (3) and (4) previously mentioned for continuous assessment.

- at the end of the exam, students will hand in the classroom (1) and field (2) practice files.

The grade obtained will be the weighted average of the three previous activities, where the theory exam will account for 75% of the grade, classroom practices 15% and field practices 10%. The same \"non-assessable\" criterion will be applied as for continuous assessment.

Retrieval exam: If the final grade is lower than 5, the student will have another opportunity to pass the subject through the retrieval exam that will be held on the date set by the degree coordinator. In the same way as in the continuous assessment, the retrievable activities in this exam will be activities (3) and (4). Students who wish to improve their grades may also choose to do so on the same date as the final assessment.

Under no circumstances will students be able to pass if they have not taken the field trips or if they have not submitted the classroom practices and files.

Use of AI

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted as an integral part of the development of activities (1) and (2) and for the preparation of the exams corresponding to (3) and (4), provided that the final result reflects a significant contribution by the student in the analysis and personal reflection. The student must clearly identify which parts have been generated with this technology, specify the tools used and include a critical reflection on how these have influenced the process and the final result of the activity. The lack of transparency in the use of AI will be considered a lack of academic honesty and may lead to a penalty in the grade of the activity, or greater sanctions in serious cases.

Bibliography

Davis, G.H., Reynolds, S.J., Kluth, C.F. 2013. Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions, 3rd Edition. Wiley.

Fossen, H. 2010. Structural Geology. Cambridge University Press.

Hansen, E. 1971. Strain facies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Hatcher, R.D. 1990. Structural Geology. Principles, concepts and problems. Merrill Publishing Company.

Hills, E.S. 1977. Elementos de Geología Estructural. Ariel, Barcelona.

Hobbs, B.E., Means, W.H., Williams, P.F. 1981.  Geología Estructural. Omega. Barcelona.

Lisle, R.J. 2004. Geological Structures and Maps: 3rd Edition. Elsevier.

Mattauer, M. 1976. Las deformaciones de los materiales de la corteza terrestre. Omega, Barcelona.

Passchier, C., Trouw, R. 2005. Microtectonics, second ed. Springer, Berlin.

Price, N.J., Cosgrove, J.M. 1990. Analysis of Geological Structures. Cambridge University Press.

Ragan, D.M., 2009. Structural Geology. An Introduction to Geometrical Techniques. 4th Edition. Cambridge University Press.

Ramsay, J.G. 1967. Folding and Fracturing of Rocks. McGraw Hill, New York. (trad. castellà: Ramsay, J.G. 1977.Plegamiento y fracturación de rocas. Blume, Madrid).

Ramsay, J.G., Huber, M.I. 1983. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology, Volume 1: Strain Analysis. Ac. Press.

Ramsay, J.G., Huber, M.I. 1987. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology, Volume 2: Folds and Fractures. Ac. Press.

Suppe, J. 1985. Principles of Structural Geology. Prentice Hall.

Turner, F.J., Weiss, L.E. 1963. Structural analysis of metamorphic tectonites. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Twiss, R.J., Moores, E.M. 1992. Structural geology. Freeman. (2nd edition 2007, Macmillan).

Van Der Pluijim, B., Marshak, S. 2003. Earth Structure. McGraw-Hill.

Software

No specific software will be used

Course groups and languages

The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE

Type of teaching Group Language Semester Shift
(TE) Theory 1 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 1 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAM) Field practices 1 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 2 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAM) Field practices 2 Catalan second semester morning-mixed