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Environmental Cartographic Analysis

Code: 100832
Credits: 6
2026/2027
Degree programme Type Course
Environmental Biology OB 2

Contact lecturer

Name :
Miquel Ninyerola Casals
Email :
miquel.ninyerola@uab.cat

Teaching staff

Joan Pino Vilalta

Group languages

You can consult this information at the end of the document.

Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites. However, the emphasis that is made in the analysis and understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of environmental variables makes it advisable for the student to have field and geographical knowledge. Also, computer skills could enhance the understanding during practical classes.

Objectives

Environmental phenomena have traditionally been studied from a perspective that gives limited consideration to their geographical dimension, despite the fact that spatial patterns play a fundamental role in many of these processes.


For this reason, this course aims to provide students with the fundamental concepts and tools needed to represent environmental phenomena and variables in cartographic form and subsequently analyse them or derive new information through spatial modelling. Naturally, the phenomena addressed are closely related to Environmental Biology, covering both abiotic variables that influence living organisms (e.g. climate, topography, pollution) and biotic phenomena (e.g. species distribution, water stress, population density).


This course complements the following subjects:


  • Environmental Survey: which provides students with their first exposure to environmental cartography and territorial analysis.
  • Vegetation Analysis: a more conceptually oriented course that builds upon the cartographic knowledge acquired in this subject

The course is organised into four main blocks:


  1. Cartographic concepts, tools and foundations. Introduction to the basic concepts of cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
  2. Cartographic data processing. Presentation of the main GIS and Remote Sensing tools.
  3. Cartographic analysis and modelling. A collection of case studies introducing advanced tools for analysing and modelling geographic information.
  4. Case studies. Applied case studies requiring the knowledge and skills acquired in the previous three blocks.

Learning outcomes

  • CM33 (Evaluate the temporal and spatial patterns and dynamics observed in communities of living organisms, relating them to factors of the natural environment in which they are found, and assessing the environmental impact of human activity.) Evaluate the temporal and spatial patterns and dynamics observed in communities of living organisms, relating them to factors of the natural environment in which they are found, and assessing the environmental impact of human activity.
  • CM34 (Act in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals in managing and conserving the natural environment and promoting environmental sustainability.) Act in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals in managing and conserving the natural environment and promoting environmental sustainability.
  • CM35 (Effectively communicate to specialist and non-specialist audiences knowledge about natural environments and their responses to different factors.) Effectively communicate to specialist and non-specialist audiences knowledge about natural environments and their responses to different factors.
  • SM42 (Apply sampling and mapping techniques in the natural environment to identify plant and animal organisms, ecologically characterise habitats and manage vegetation spatially and temporally.) Apply sampling and mapping techniques in the natural environment to identify plant and animal organisms, ecologically characterise habitats and manage vegetation spatially and temporally.
  • SM44 (Prepare reports on the communities of living organisms in different natural environments, presenting them in both written and oral form.) Prepare reports on the communities of living organisms in different natural environments, presenting them in both written and oral form.

Contents

Lectures


1. Concepts and cartographic environments


1.1. Environmental mapping. Users and producers of spatial information. Digital dimension of the map. Composition of maps.

1.2. Introduction to the Geographic Information Systems. Components and functionalities. Models of data and metadata. Basic analysis tools.


2. Cartographic databases


2.1. Cartographic units. Discrete and continuous environmental variables.

2.2. Information sources. Reference and thematic mapping (examples of vector and raster models). Map servers on the Internet.

2.3. Data capture (i): Photointerpretation. Field surveys and global positioning systems (GPS).

2.4. Data capture (ii): Remote sensing. Characteristics of sensors and platforms. Physical principles. Image processing and classification. Quantitative indexes derived from images.

2.5. Georeferenciation. Reference system. Datum. UTM.


3. Tools for the management of cartographic information


3.1. Mosaic and clip tools. Reclassification and map algebra. Combination of layers. Change of map projection. Cartographic generalization.


4. Cartographic analysis


4.1. Analysis of time patterns.

4.2. Patterns of distribution of environmental variables and cartographic representation of descriptive statistics.

4.3. Analysis of distances.

4.4. Terrain spatial analysis: Digital Terrain Models.


5. Cartographic modelling


5.1. Digital Climate Models.

5.2. Multi-Criteria Decision Models.

5.3. Suitability Models.


6. Case studies: formulation of GIS protocols to respond to the demands of environmental biology



Practical sessions


1. Introduction to the GIS.

2. Photointerpretation and digitalization.

3. Territorial analysis.

4. Management of cartographic information.

5. Quantitative vegetation indexes.

6. Species distribution models.





Learning activities and methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Field survey 6 0.24 CM33, CM34, SM42
Study 47 1.88 CM33, CM34, SM42
Theory classes 20 0.8 CM33, CM34, SM42
Computing classroom activities 24 0.96 CM33, CM34, SM42
Practical deliveries 50 2 CM33, CM34, CM35, SM42, SM44

The teaching methodology is based on face-to-face theoretical and practical activities, including fieldwork and computer laboratory sessions.


Part of the course content will be delivered through in-person lectures, with particular emphasis on concepts that are difficult to acquire through self-directed learning alone. Students are expected to read the corresponding teaching materials before each class so that the sessions can be developed through active interaction and discussion. Afterwards, students will be expected to complement the class outline with bibliographic resources and the supporting graphical material (PowerPoint presentations) provided, as part of their independent study.


This course has a strong practical component, which is considered essential both for understanding the theoretical concepts and for developing the more applied competencies. Consequently, the written examinations will include a substantial theoretical-practical component.


The practical activities are divided into computer laboratory sessions and fieldwork. During the computer laboratory sessions, students will be provided with practical guides containing exercises designed to familiarize them with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing as critical users. The fieldwork component consists of a field trip during which students will apply land cover mapping techniques.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Assessment

Continuous assessment activities

Title Weight Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Written exam (1st partial) 30% 1 0.04 CM33, CM34, CM35, SM42
Practicum dossier 40% 0.25 0.01 CM33, CM34, CM35, SM42, SM44
Written exam (final) 30% 1.75 0.07 CM33, CM34, CM35, SM42


Examinations

1. The Midterm examination will include questions, generally requiring short written answers, designed to assess whether students have acquired the key concepts.


2. The final examination will include essay-type questions requiring the development of a topic. The aim is to assess students' ability to apply and integrate the concepts learned within the context of a case study, in which they will be required to design an appropriate methodology to address a specific environmental problem with spatial and temporal implications.


The final examination will also provide students with the opportunity to retake the midterm examination. This applies both to students who are required to do so (those obtaining a mark below 4.0 in the midterm) and to those wishing to improve their midterm grade. In the latter case, the highest of the two grades will be retained. Students wishing to retake the midterm to improve their grade must notify the course coordinator by email at least three days in advance.


In all examinations, there will be a strong emphasis on the concepts and skills developed during the practical sessions.


Submission of the Practical Report

The practical component of the course is compulsory and consists of one field trip and several computer laboratory sessions. Practical work will be assessed both individually and in groups through a course project consisting of: the production of a land cover map based on the photointerpretation of orthophotos; and a report analysing the territory and vegetation of the area visited during the field trip.


Individual assessment will be carried out during the field trip, whereas the group assessment will be based on the submission of the final report.


Passing Requirements

Students will receive a final grade (calculated as the weighted average of all assessment activities) provided that they obtain a minimum mark of 4.0 in each of the three assessment components. If any component is graded below 4.0, the student will fail the course unless they qualify as Not Assessed. A final grade of 5.0 or higher is required to pass the course. Students will receive the grade Not Assessed if the completed assessment activities account for less than 67% of the final grade.


Attendance

Attendance at both the computer laboratory sessions and the field trip is compulsory. Unjustified absence may result in the student being classified as Not Assessed.


Single Assessment

As the practical activities (computer laboratory sessions and field trip) are compulsory, students following the single-assessment pathway will complete and submit the same practical report as those under continuous assessment. Since there are no additional assessment activities, the single assessment is identical to the continuous assessment.


Use of Artificial Intelligence

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted exclusively for support tasks, such as literature and information searches, text proofreading, and translations. Failure to disclose the use of AI in assessed activities will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in partial or total loss of marks for the activity, or more severe disciplinary measures in serious cases.


Academic Misconduct in Assessment Activities

Any form of academic misconduct during an assessment activity (including academic fraud, plagiarism, or the improper use of AI, unless such use is explicitly authorised in the course syllabus) that could significantly affect the assessment outcome will result in a grade of 0 (zero) for that assessment activity. If the course syllabus establishes that obtaining a minimum grade in that assessment activity is a compulsory requirement to pass the course, or if multiple instances of academic misconduct occur within the same course, the student will receive a final course grade of 0 (zero). In addition, disciplinary proceedings may be initiated against any student found to have committed such academic misconduct.

Bibliography

ROBINSON, A., MORRISON, J., MUEHRCKE, P.C., KIMERLING, J. & GUPTILL, S.C. 1995. Elements of Cartography (6 ed). John Wiley & Sons. New York.

CHUVIECO, E. 1991-96. Fundamentos de teledetección espacial. Ed. Rialp. Madrid.

BURROUGH, P. A. & MCDONNELL, R. A.1998. Principles of geographical information system. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

GOODCHILD, M. F., PARKS, B.O. & STEYAERT, L. T. (eds.) 1993. Environmental modeling with GIS. Oxford University Press. New York.

Tutorial MiraMon: https://www.miramon.cat/ESP/Videos.htm

Cartographic dictionaries https://www.termcat.cat/es/diccionaris-en-linia/197

Software

MiraMon 10

Course groups and languages

The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE

Type of teaching Group Language Semester Shift
(TE) Theory 22 Catalan second semester afternoon
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 221 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAM) Field practices 221 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAMs) Suport a les pràctiques de camp dirigides 221 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 222 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAM) Field practices 222 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAMs) Suport a les pràctiques de camp dirigides 222 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 223 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PCAM) Field practices 223 Catalan second semester morning-mixed