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Health and Environment

Code: 100747
Credits: 6
2026/2027
Degree programme Type Course
Biology OB 3

Contact lecturer

Name :
Cristina Maria Pereira Dos Santos
Email :
cristina.santos@uab.cat

Teaching staff

Xavier Jordana Comin

Group languages

You can consult this information at the end of the document.

Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites.

Objectives

The course of Health and Environment is integrated in the field of Human Biology and, together with the course of Human Biology (second year), give the basics of human biology that can deepen with fourth year courses (Forensic Anthropology, Molecular Anthropology, Human Genetics, Human Origins and Primatology).

In this context, the main goal of the Health and Environment course is to study the relationship between man and the environment, including culture and society in a specific anthropogenic environment, in which health is understood as a measure of successful adaptation to the environment. The tools of demography and epidemiology for the study of health state of the human populations are introduced and the different aspects of the human variability at the morphological, physiological and genetic levels are worked, in relation to the adaptation, the acclimatization and adjustment to the environment. The role of different abiotic and biotic factors in the adaptability of the human species is studied. Health-related issues when adapting balance are changed are also discussed.

Learning outcomes

  • CM31 (Propose actions, in the field of human biology, in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals, and in particular those relating to health and well-being, zero hunger, gender equality and sustainable cities and communities.) Propose actions, in the field of human biology, in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals, and in particular those relating to health and well-being, zero hunger, gender equality and sustainable cities and communities.
  • CM32 (Assess sex/gender inequalities in the field of human biology in general and in particular in the design of human genetic and epidemiological studies.) Assess sex/gender inequalities in the field of human biology in general and in particular in the design of human genetic and epidemiological studies.
  • CM33 (Evaluate as a team and collaboratively solve problems and case studies in the field of human biology, developing the interpersonal and collaborative work skills inherent to the professional environment.) Evaluate as a team and collaboratively solve problems and case studies in the field of human biology, developing the interpersonal and collaborative work skills inherent to the professional environment.
  • KM47 (Describe the mechanisms that generate biological diversity in the human species, as well as present and past intra- and inter-population variability, interpreting its adaptive significance.) Describe the mechanisms that generate biological diversity in the human species, as well as present and past intra- and inter-population variability, interpreting its adaptive significance.
  • SM44 (Examine the diversity of primates, the evolutionary dimension of hominids and their evolution in space and time.) Examine the diversity of primates, the evolutionary dimension of hominids and their evolution in space and time.
  • SM45 (Summarise the historical background justifying the study of man as a matter in his own right.) Summarise the historical background justifying the study of man as a matter in his own right.

Contents

Theory

The subject of Health and Environment consists of six blocks of conceptual contents, eminently theoretical that will be developed following different strategies. Classes are conceived in a dynamic model that seeks to create discussion moments and to clarify wrong preconceived ideas. A conceptual outline of the subject will be presented to students what would allow them to carry out programmed activities of greater complexity, such as reading and discussing articles, visualization and discussion of videos, or applying the of theoretical concepts to the projects and practical works of the subject, and, in this way, deepen the different topics. During the exposition of the topics these will be framed in the different objectives of sustainable development and issues of gender perspective will be noted such as inequalities due to sex/gender in the design of epidemiological studies and the importance of sex/gender as a risk factor in health problems.

Block I- Presentation and Introduction to the subject

Block II - Demography and Epidemiology

Block III - Interaction of genes and environment

Block IV- Human Nutrition

Block V - Human Adaptation to environment

Block VI - Disease in evolutionary perspective


Computer practices

One of the practice groups will be in English; Students can join freely in this group before the beginning of the course


1. Demography and epidemiology practices

The practices of demography and epidemiology are aimed at providing the bases and general guidelines of the demography and epidemiology project - research project or Learning and Service (ApS). In the project, concepts developed in Block II of theory - demography and epidemiology - are applied, but also other concepts being developed throughout the course. This project aims to make a descriptive study of a health problem in Spain, considering its distribution according to age and sex, over time, in different regions of the country, and finally relate its distribution to the other risk factors that may be related to the selected health problem. In the case of the ApS option, it addresses a real need identified by an institution/entity in order to provide an answer in the form of a solution or service for the entity.

The practices in computer classroom of demography and epidemiology consist of 5 sessions. Each session addresses practical aspects that students can apply to the development of their research project and the teacher makes a personalized follow-up of the work that each group is developing. To streamline the entire procedure, students have video tutorials developed by the teachers of the subject that facilitate the automation of routine procedures in Excel, Access, JAMOVI, etc.


2. Balanced and Sustainable Diet Practical

Assessment of the nutritional status of a population of young people living in Catalonia and interpretation of the results in accordance with international recommendations and scientific evidence on balanced and sustainable diets.


3. Practical on the Detection of Natural Selection Signals in Human Populations

Analysis of genetic variation in human populations to identify signals of natural selection using population genomics tools and interpretation of the results in the context of human adaptation, evolutionary history, and environmental factors.


Classroom practices

During the classroom practices sessions, the presentation and defence of the projects carried out during the semester will be carried out.


Seminars

1. Introduce the objectives of the research project

2. Practical cases of epidemiology designs

3. How to present a research paper? Expert meeting of the research project

Learning activities and methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Tutorship (individual or group) 4 0.16 CM33
Research project on demography and epidemiology 40 1.6 CM31, CM32, CM33, KM47
Theory classes 26 1.04 CM31, CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44, SM45
Preparation of activities, seminars and practical sessions. 20 0.8 KM47, SM44, SM45
Computer practices 18 0.72 CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44
Seminars 3 0.12 CM32, CM33
Classroom practices 5 0.2 CM31, CM32, CM33
Individual study 34 1.36 CM32, KM47, SM44, SM45

The development of the training activities of the course is based on: theory classes, seminars, classroom practices and computer practices, each of them with its specific methodology. Likewise, a series of activities are proposed that will allow the student to take an active role in the teaching-learning process.

Classes of theory: The student acquires the scientific knowledge of the subject by attending theory classes. These are classes with TIC-TAC support in which the teacher exposes the subject but also asks for the participation of the student. Likewise, activities prior to the sessions are proposed that allow the student to intervene more actively in the teaching-learning process. The audio-visual material used in class can be found by the student in the Moodle space of the subject.

Classes of practices and seminars: The knowledge acquired in theory classes and in personal study are applied to the resolution of practical cases. Students work in small groups allowing them to acquire the ability to work in groups and to analysis and synthesis. It also allows to apply statistical resources in the interpretation of data. The student will be able to access the practice guides through the Moodle space. The practical classes are directed to support the development of the demography and epidemiology project (work by group project or ApS project) and and to work on concepts related to the topics of nutrition and human adaptation.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Assessment

Continuous assessment activities

Title Weight Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Project on demography and epidemiology (group) 40% 0 0 CM31, CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44, SM45
Midterm Exam I 20% 0 0 CM31, CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44, SM45
Practical Reports on Nutrition and Natural Selection 10% 0 0 CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44
Midterm Exam II 20% 0 0 CM31, CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44, SM45
Participation in classroom learning activities 10% 0 0 CM32, CM33, KM47, SM44

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

As this is a continuous assessment course, students’ participation in the learning activities proposed in class, the preparation and presentation of the research or Service-Learning (ApS) project, the nutrition and natural selection practical reports completed during face-to-face practical sessions, and the grades obtained in the partial assessment tests will be taken into account according to the following weighting:

  • Partial Examination I: 20%
  • Partial Examination II: 20%
  • Research or Service-Learning (ApS) Project in Demography and Epidemiology (group work): 40%
  • Nutrition and Natural Selection Practical Reports: 10%
  • Participation in the learning activities proposed in class: 10%

Attendance at practical sessions, classroom practicals, and seminars is mandatory.

The course will follow a continuous assessment model. Therefore, throughout all activities, including theoretical sessions, students will be required to actively engage in various tasks designed to facilitate the learning process.

In the case of the group research or Service-Learning (SL) project, the assessment will take into account the entire development process throughout the semester, including periodic submissions and tutorials. The final outcome will also be evaluated in terms of the quality of the information used, the project presentation and defence, as well as the self-assessment and peer assessment carried out by the group members. The project (both the written/digital format and the oral presentation and defence) may be completed in Catalan, Spanish, or English. The assessment of the project will be carried out using rubrics that will be made available to students at the beginning of the course.

Two partial examinations (Partial I and Partial II) will be held. Students must obtain a minimum grade of 4.0 in each examination in order to pass the course.

Resit Assessment

If necessary, both the project grade and the grades obtained in the partial examinations may be retaken.

To be eligible for the resit assessment, students must previously have been assessed through activities accounting for at least two-thirds of the total course grade. Therefore, students will receive a “Not Assessed” grade when the completed assessment activities represent less than 67% of the final course grade.

Students may also use the resit examination to improve their grades in the partial examinations. In this case, the grade obtained in the resit examination will be the one considered, regardless of whether it is higher or lower than the previous grade.

The weighted average of all assessable activities described above must be 5.0 or higher to pass the course.


SINGLE ASSESSMENT

This course offers a single assessment system, although attendance at practical sessions remains mandatory. The single assessment consists of the following activities:

1. Written Examination: A written examination covering the entire course syllabus. The examination will include multiple-choice and open-ended questions, as well as the resolution of several problems. This examination accounts for 50% of the final grade, and a minimum grade of 4.5 is required to pass the course. The examination will be held on the same date as Partial Examination II.

2. Research or Service-Learning (ApS) Project: Under the single assessment system, the course project will be completed individually, and no periodic submissions will be required. During the semester, students opting for single assessment may arrange tutorials with the teaching staff if needed. The final project must be submitted in written format following the structure of a scientific paper and must be handed in on the same day as Partial Examination II. The project accounts for 40% of the final grade.

3. Nutrition and Natural Selection Practical Reports: 10% of the final grade (to be submitted at the end of each practical session).

Resit Assessment

If necessary, students may resit both the project and the written examination on the date scheduled for the course resit examination.


Artificial Intelligence:

For this course, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted exclusively for support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, text editing and proofreading, translations, or other uses authorised by the teaching staff.

Students must clearly identify which parts of their work have been generated using AI technologies, specify the tools used, and include a critical reflection on how these tools influenced both the process and the final outcome of the activity.

Failure to disclose the use of AI in an assessed activity will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in a partial or total penalty in the activity grade, or more severe sanctions in serious cases.


Irregularities in Assessment Activities:

Any irregularity committed during an assessment activity (academic fraud, plagiarism, or unauthorised use of AI, unless such use is expressly authorised in the course guide) that may lead to a significant alteration of the assessment result will result in a grade of 0 for that activity.

If the course guide establishes that obtaining a minimum grade in that assessment activity is a mandatory requirement for passing the course, or if multiple irregularities occur in assessment activities within the same course, the final grade for the course will be 0.

In addition, disciplinary proceedings may be initiated against any student involved in such irregularities.


Bibliography

BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

- COOPER, D.N. i KEHRER-SAWATZKI, H. (2008). Handbook of Human Molecular Evolution. Wiley.

- COSTA, L.G. i EATON D.L. (2006). Gene-Environment interactions – Fundamentals of Ecogenetics. Wiley-Liss.

https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/1eqfv2p/alma991010352742506709

- IRALA, J. et al. (2008). Epidemiología Aplicada (2nd Ed.). Ariel Ciencias Médicas.

- FRISANCHO, A.R. (1996). Human Adaptation and Acomodation. The University of Michigan Press.

- JOBLING, M.A. et al. (2014). Human Evolutionary Genetics (2nd Ed). Garland Science.

- Bartelink, E. et al. (2016). Essentials of Physical Anthropology (10th Ed). Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

- MORAN, E.F. (2008). Human Adaptability – An introduction to Ecological Anthropology. Westview press.

https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/avjcib/alma991010818148206709

- MUEHLENBEIN, M.P. (2010). Human Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge University Press.

- REBATO, E. et al. (2005). Para comprender la antropología biológica. Evolución y Biología Humana. Ed Verbo Divino

- RUIZ MORALES, A. (2015). Epidemiología Clínica : Investigación clínica aplicada. Editorial Médica Panamericana

https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/avjcib/alma991007028289706709

 

SPECIFIC BIBLIOGRAPHY, WEBSITES AND VIDEOS

Given during the development of each topic.

Software

Jamovi Stats. Open. Now. (https://www.jamovi.org/)

MapChart (https://mapchart.net/)

Access

Excel

Power-Point

Word

RStudio

Course groups and languages

The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE

Type of teaching Group Language Semester Shift
(TE) Theory 13 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PAUL) Classroom practices 131 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 131 Catalan/Spanish second semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 131 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PAUL) Classroom practices 132 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 132 Catalan/Spanish second semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 132 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 133 Catalan/Spanish second semester morning-mixed
(PLAB) Practical laboratories 134 Catalan/Spanish second semester morning-mixed