The learning process centers on student work, fostering both individual and collaborative learning. The faculty’s mission is to guide students in this endeavor by providing relevant information and demonstrating the techniques and sources required to acquire it.

The course curriculum and student training are structured around the following activities:

1. Directed Activities:

• 1.1. Lectures: Students acquire the core conceptual foundations of the subject, as well as the regulatory and jurisprudential framework, through the instructor's delivery of knowledge.
• 1.2. Seminars: A learning environment where students assume a predominantly active role. Together with the professor, they analyze and interpret pre-assigned questions, topics, or case studies to develop and consolidate the essential content taught in theoretical lectures.

2. Supervised Activities:

These are classroom-based activities completed under the supervision and guidance of the professor. Tasks include resolving practical case scenarios in class, drafting case law briefs and/or regulatory profiles, creating outlines or written reports on specific course topics, and conducting complementary readings of academic monographs or legal literature.

3. Autonomous Activities:

These activities require students to manage their own time and effort independently, either individually or in groups.

• 3.1. Independent study of the course material.
• 3.2. Preparation of coursework for practical activities to be submitted and reviewed in class. This includes practical case studies assigned in advance by the professor, critical book or reading reviews, and analytical briefs on case law, regulations, or films.
• 3.3. Literature and case law research to gather source materials for solving practical cases and supplementing theoretical queries.
• 3.4. Drafting term papers, reports, and related assignments.

Attendance at seminars is mandatory, except in cases of officially justified absence.

A detailed schedule outlining the content of each session will be presented on the first day of the course and will be available on the course’s Virtual Campus, where students will

find the various teaching materials deemed appropriate by the instructors and necessary information for effective course monitoring.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

Assessment Activities

Course competences will be evaluated through the following activities:

• Final Comprehensive Examination (50% of the final grade): To be held on the date designated in the Course Calendar. The teaching team will specify the format of this examination, which may be written or oral.
• Practical Assessment Activities (40% of the final grade): A minimum of two practical assignments will be administered. Indicatively, these tasks may include partial mid-term exams (non-cumulative), practical case studies, reports, reviews, legal drafting, legal opinions, or research papers. These activities may be completed individually or in groups, as determined by the faculty.
• Attendance and Class Participation (10% of the final grade): This component rewards active, high-quality, and legally sound participation throughout the semester. Contributions must be relevant to the topics discussed and separate from work performed during seminar or practical classes.

Grading Policy

• To calculate the continuous assessment average, a minimum grade of 3.5 out of 10 is required in each individual assessment activity.
• The final continuous assessment grade is the weighted sum of all components, provided the minimum threshold for each has been met.
• To pass the continuous assessment track, students must achieve an overall average grade of 5.0 out of 10 or higher.

Retake Policy (Re-evaluation)

Students will be entitled to reassessment in the course if they have been evaluated on a set of activities accounting for at least two-thirds of the total course grade. Regardless of the score achieved on the retake exam, a passing mark will cap the final course grade at 5.0 out of 10.

Academic Integrity and Contingencies

Any student caught copying or attempting to copy during any assessment activity will receive a grade of 0 for that specific test. Similarly, any student who submits a practical assignment or activity where plagiarism or any other form of academic fraud is detected will receive a grade of 0 and an official reprimand. Repeated offenses will result in failing the entire course. These measures are applied without prejudice to additional disciplinary actions under current Academic Regulations.

In this course, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted as an integral part of assignment development, provided that the final outcome demonstrates a significant contribution from the student in terms of analysis and personal reflection. Students must clearly identify any content generated using AI, specify the tools employed, and include a critical reflection on how these technologies have influenced both the process and the final result of the assignment. Failure to disclose the use of AI in this assessed activity will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in a partial or total penalty to the assignment grade, or more serious sanctions in severe cases.

In the event of extraordinary, unforeseen circumstances that disrupt the regular progress of the academic term, the faculty may modify both the instructional methodology and the evaluation system.

SINGLE ASSESSMENT

Assessment Activities

The single assessment track, available to students who have officially opted for it, comprises the following components:

• Final Comprehensive Examination (50% of the final grade): To be held on the date designated in the Course Calendar.
• Course Assignment (50% of the final grade): A project covering specific course topics will be assigned at the beginning of the semester. The final submission deadline is the day of the final comprehensive examination, in accordance with the official calendar.

Grading Policy

• A minimum grade of 3.5 out of 10 is required in each component to calculate the final average.
• The final grade is the sum of both components, provided the minimum threshold for each has been met.
• To pass the single assessment track, students must achieve an overall average grade of 5.0 out of 10 or higher.

Retake Policy (Re-evaluation)

Students who do not successfully pass the single assessment with a minimum grade of 5.0 out of 10 may sit for a final retake examination on the date indicated in the Course Calendar. In addition to the exam, re-evaluation is conditional upon submitting the course assignment with all required revisions integrated, should that specific component have been deemed a fail ('not applicable'). Regardless of the score achieved on the retake exam, a passing mark will cap the final course grade at 5.0 out of 10.

Academic Integrity and Contingencies

Any student caught copying or attempting to copy during any assessment activity will receive a grade of 0 for that specific test. Similarly, any student who submits a practical assignment or activity where plagiarism or any other form of academic fraud is detected will receive a grade of 0 and an official reprimand. Repeated offenses will result in failing the entire course. These measures are applied without prejudice to additional disciplinary actions under current Academic Regulations.

In this course, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted as an integral part of assignment development, provided that the final outcome demonstrates a

significant contribution from the student in terms of analysis and personal reflection. Students must clearly identify any content generated using AI, specify the tools employed,

and include a critical reflection on how these technologies have influenced both the process and the final result of the assignment. Failure to disclose the use of AI in this

assessed activity will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in a partial or total penalty to the assignment grade, or more serious sanctions in severe cases.

In the event of extraordinary, unforeseen circumstances that disrupt the regular progress of the academic term, the faculty may modify both the instructional methodology and the evaluation system