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Molecular Cell Biology

Code: 101898
Credits: 6
2026/2027
Degree programme Type Course
Biomedical Sciences OB 2

Contact lecturer

Name :
Maria Oliver Bonet
Email :
maria.oliver@uab.cat

Teaching staff

Maria Oliver Bonet
MarĂ­a Rosario Fernandez Gallegos

Group languages

You can consult this information at the end of the document.

Prerequisites

It is recommended that the student has successfully completed the subjects of Structure and Function of Biomolecules, Metabolism of Biomolecules and Cell BiologyIn addition, it is advisable for students to have a good knowledge of English because many of the sources of information on this subject are written in this language

Objectives

The subject of Cell Molecular Biology has a basic character in the degree and with it, it is intended that the student acquires solid knowledge on the molecular basis of the eukaryotic cellular structures. These biological knowledge is complemented with those of other basic and compulsory subjects of the syllabus, such as Cell Biology, Structure and Function of Biomolecules, Metabolism of Biomolecules, Genetics or Immunology that, as a whole, will provide to the Biomedical Science students a good understanding of the structural and functional organization of living organisms. On the other hand, the theoretical knowledge acquired in the subject of Molecular Biology of the Cell is complemented by a practical training in the laboratory in the subject of Laboratory 2.

The training objectives are that the student, at the end of the subject, is able to:
  • Identify the main mechanisms of chromatin structure regulation and gene expression 
  • Describe the basic signaling strategies involved in cell communication
  • Describe the proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression, differentiation, specialization and cell death
  • To recognize the cellular bases of cancer and its medical application in cancer therapies
  • Describe the mechanisms of signal transduction and cellular responses based on the recognition of extracellular matrix elements for integration of cells into tissues.
  • To explain the properties of stem cells and tissue maintenance and their involvement in cell engineering and their therapeutic potential

Learning outcomes

  • CM09 (Orally communicate the fundamental aspects of a topic in the field of molecular biology and histology to specialist and non-specialist audiences.) Orally communicate the fundamental aspects of a topic in the field of molecular biology and histology to specialist and non-specialist audiences.
  • KM09 (Describe the morphological and biochemical characteristics of tissues and cells in the human body.) Describe the morphological and biochemical characteristics of tissues and cells in the human body.
  • KM11 (Identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell size and differentiation stage in tissues.) Identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell size and differentiation stage in tissues.
  • SM10 (Apply bioinformatics resources when searching for information in databases on molecular and histological processes in the human body.) Apply bioinformatics resources when searching for information in databases on molecular and histological processes in the human body.

Contents


Topic 1. Cell Matrix and integration of cells in tissues. General aspects of the Extracellular Matrix. Extracellular Matrix Elements: Collagen, Fibronectin, Laminin, Proteoglycans (structure and type). Plasma membrane proteins involved in cell adhesion: Families. General characteristics. Family of the Cadherins. Catenins. Integrin family. Adhesion regulation and adhesion kinases. Immunoglobulin Superfamily. N-CAM subfamily and development. Cell adhesion molecules in T cells. Selectin family. Function in leukocyte migration.


Topic 2. Cell Signaling: Signaling Strategies. Intercellular signals: hormones and receptors, signal transduction and cellular responses based on the recognition of extracellular matrix elements. Cell adhesion and signal transduction: role of cadherins and integrins Membrane proteoglycans: regulation in the adhesion of growth factors and participation in signal transduction. Signaling linked to intracellular receptors. Transduction of signals by plasma membrane receptors. G protein-related receptors. The WNT pathway. Catalytic receptors: activation of enzymatic cascades. Interaction and regulation of signal pathways. Transmission of signals from the cell surface to the nucleus: phosphorylation of target proteins. Medical applications of signal study and cellular communication. The Notch pathway.


Topic 3. Control of the cell cycle. General principles of the cell cycle. Proteins involved in the regulation of cycle progression. Checkpoints during the cell cycle: proteins and mechanisms involved. Control of the cell cycle by the action of miRNAs. Regulation of miRNA transcription: role of p53 as a regulator. Apoptosis. Types of apoptotic pathways: intrinsic or mitochondrial-dependent and extrinsic. Apoptosis mechanism: cascades of intracellular proteolysis. Role of caspases and IAP and Bcl-2 proteins. Cellular aging.


Topic 4. Cell bases of cancer. Clonalorigin of the cancer cell and tumor progression. Conductive mutations vs. transient mutations. Acquired capabilities of the cancer cell and their effects on: 1) the mechanisms of cell cycle control, 2) Invasion and metastasis: role of adhesion molecules (selectins), 3) Immortality, 4) Induction of angiogenesis and 5) Tumor progression. Genomic instability and mutations. Exosomes and cancer. miRNAs and cancer. Medical applications of the study of the above mechanisms: anti-cancer therapies.


Topic 5. Stem cells. Definition. Transient amplifier cells. Potential and stem cell types. Stem cells in tissues. Studies in different tissues: Human epidermis. Hair follicle and sebaceous gland. Small intestine. Olfactory epithelium and olfactory neurons. Hair cells in the ear. Bone marrow. Muscle tissue. Adipose tissue. Nerve tissue. Membership regeneration. Stem cell generation and therapeutic potential.


Topic 6 . Chromatin remodeling. Definition of epigenetics. Role of chromatin in the eukaryotic gene expression. Methylation of DNA. Methods for the detection of methylated DNA regions. Modification of histones and complex chromatin modifiers. Interaction between histone modifications, methylation of DNA. Regulatory RNAs. Histone variants. Remodeling complexes of SWI-SNF chromatin and NURF. Chromatin during replication and transcription. Test of hypersensitivity to DNase I and ATAC-seq.


Topic 7. Transcriptional regulation: Common features and differences between the transcription mediated by the three eukaryotic polymerases. Review of the characteristics of the promoter zone of DNA polymerase II. Footprint test. Activators and silencers \"enhancers and silencers\". Identification of gene regulatory areas. Basal transcription complex and specific transcription factors. The Mediator and SAGA complexes. Co-activators. Biomolecular condensates. Regulationof the transcription of RNA polymerase II. Characteristics of transcriptionfactors. Activation domains. Regulation of the activity of the transcription factors. Methods of identification and purification of transcription factors. Methods of identification of DNA regions to which transcription factors are attached. Verification of the functionality of the pair transcription factor / regulatory sequence in vivo.


Topic 8. Post-transcriptional regulation: The mRNA edition, the role of the mRNA hood (CAP 5 ') in the translation of mRNA and its stability. The union complex in CAP (CBC) and eIF4E. Polyadenylation and its role in the translation and stability of mRNA. The histone mRNAs. Spliceosome, SR proteins and \"exo-splicing-enhancers\" (ESEs). Alternative splicing and trans-splicing. Regulation of alternative splicing. Coupling between RNA processing and transcription. Methods for identifying variants of alternative splicing. Editing mRNA. Regulation of the transport of mRNA. Control of the average life of mRNA and quality control. P-bodies and stress granules. Regulation elements in mRNA and regulatory proteins. Methods for determining the average life of mRNA. Regulation of translation. Post-transcriptional regulation through sRNAs (siRNA and miRNA). Regulation of the average life of proteins.



Learning activities and methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Theory and seminar sessions 40 1.6 CM09, KM09, KM11, SM10
Learning based on preparation and presentation of a scientific communication in a simulated congress environment 8 0.32 CM09, KM09, KM11, SM10
Study, and research of information. 54 2.16 KM09, KM11, SM10

The training activities are divided into two sections: theory sessions and seminar sessions, each of them with their specific methodology.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Assessment

Continuous assessment activities

Title Weight Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Second partial exam 40% 16 0.64 KM09, KM11
First partial exam 60% 24 0.96 KM09, KM11
Assignments 20% 8 0.32 CM09, KM09, KM11, SM10

NOTE ON IRREGULAR USE OF AI TOOLS

The commission of any irregularity in an assessment act (academic fraud, plagiarism or improper use of AI, unless such use is expressly authorized in the teaching guide), which may lead to a significant variation in the grade, means that this act will be graded with a 0. In the event that the teaching guide provides that in order to pass the subject it is an essential requirement to have obtained a minimum grade in this assessment act or that several irregularities occur in the assessment acts of the same subject, the final grade for this subject is 0. Apart from this, a disciplinary process may be initiated against the student who incurs any of these irregularities.


CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

Theory

The total weight of the evaluation of the theoretical part will be 80% of the total grade of the subject. The main evaluation of this part of the subject will have the format of continuous evaluation with two partial tests. The weighted weight of the first partial is 60%; The weighted weight of the second partial is 40%. The partial exams must be passed with a minimum of 5.0 points out of 10. In case less than 5.0 has been obtained, the suspended partial (s) can be recovered in the recovery exam.

The evaluation of the theory can be recovered as indicated at the end of this section.

Scientific seminars

Students will work in small groups outside school hours with the aim of preparing two seminars focused on the relationship between molecular processes addressed in the subject and the development of cellular dysfunctions that lead to diseases. The content must be based on rigorous and contrasted scientific information and must be presented in slide format. Each group will present its work on the established dates, in a simulated context of a scientific congress. This environment will promote peer debate and the formulation of questions by the audience, with the aim of promoting critical thinking and the consolidation of the knowledge presented. The evaluation of the activity will be carried out through a rubric previously agreed with the students. A peer evaluation is contemplated, in which the students themselves will evaluate the presentations of their classmates. This peer evaluation will represent 30% of the final grade of the seminar activity.

In this activity, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is authorized, provided that they are used as a support tool in tasks such as searching for information, linguistic correction or translating texts. In no case, however, can AI replace the reflection, critical analysis or synthesis capacity required for this activity. Students will have to clearly and explicitly identify which parts of the work have been developed with the support of AI tools, specify which ones have been used and include a brief critical reflection on how these tools have contributed to the process and the result. The lack of transparency in the use of AI will be considered a lack of academic honesty and may lead to penalties in the qualification of the activity, or more serious sanctions in the event of a serious infraction.

Global assessment

The subject will be passed when the sum of the different parts, weighted by their specific weight in the subject, equals or exceeds 5.0 out of 10 points. Each of the partials must pass with a minimum of 5.0 points out of 10 to be able to add the seminar grade to the overall grade.

To participate in the theory recovery, according to UAB regulations, students must have been previously evaluated in a set of activities whose weight equals to a minimum of two thirds of the total grade of the subject or module. Therefore, students will obtain the \"Non-Valuable\" qualification when the evaluation activities carried out have a weighting of less than 67% in the final grade.

Students who have had to recover the subject in the recovery test will not be able to opt for the maximum grade of honor enrollment, but may opt for a maximum of excellent.

Students who cannot attend an individual assessment test for justified cause (such as illness, death of a first-degree relative or accident ... etc) and provide the corresponding official documentation to the course coordinator will have the right to take a recovery test, which could be oral.


EXAMINATION-BASED ASSESSMENT

The single assessment examination consists of a written examination with development questions and/or short questions related to the eight theory topics. The seminar activity will be evaluated based on two exercises (video) that must be delivered through the CV.

Single assessment consists of a single examination in which the contents of the entire theory programme (the eight topics) will be assessed. The test will consist of development questions and/or short questions. The mark obtained in this synthesis test will represent 80% of the final grade of the subject. The single assessment examination will coincide with the same date set in the calendar for the second partial of continuous assessment and the same recovery system will be applied as for continuous assessment.

The evaluation of seminar activities (not compulsory attendance for students who adhere to the single assessment format) will follow the same process as continuous assessment: students will submit two exercises (audiovisual files) through the virtual campus, on the date on which the people involved will be informed at the beginning of the course. The grade obtained will represent 20% of the final grade of the subject.

The subject will be passed when the exam grade exceeds 5.0 out of 10 points. This note will also be the minimum so that the seminar grade can be considered.

Bibliography

 

-Molecular Biology of the Cell. Alberts, B, et al. Norton & Company, 7th edition, 2022.

- Functional Biochemistry in Health and Disease. E Newsholme and T Leech. Ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2nd Edition, 2011

- La Célula. Cooper GM i Hausman RE. 6ª Edició Ed Marbán, 2014

- Cellular signal processing. Marks F, Klingmüller U, Müller-Decker K. Garland Science, 2nd Edition, 2017

- Molecular Biology of assemblies and Machines. Steven AC, Baumeister W, Johnson LN, Perham RH. Garland Science, 2016

- Gene Control. Latchman DS, 2nd Ed. Garland Science, 2020 (ebook a la biblioteca).

- Epigenetics. Allis, C.D. et al., 2n Ed. CSH press, 2015.

- Lehninger. Principles of Biochemistry. Nelson, D. and Cox, M., 8th ed. W.H. Freeman (Macmillan Learning), 2021.

- Molecular biology, Zlatanova, J, 2n Ed. Garland Science, 2023.

- Journal of visualized Experiments (JOVE)-Science Education Collection.

 

Review articles and weblinks available at “Campus Virtual”.

Software

 

Course groups and languages

The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE

Type of teaching Group Language Semester Shift
(TE) Theory 52 Catalan first semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 521 Catalan first semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 522 Catalan first semester morning-mixed