Histology and General Physiology
Code: 101894Credits: 6
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Biomedical Sciences | OB | 1 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Ruben Lopez Vales
- Email :
- ruben.lopez@uab.cat
Teaching staff
- Ignasi Roig Navarro
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
No official prerequisites are defined for this subject. However, it is recommended that the student has acquired the basic knowledge and competences of the subjects corresponding to Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Biophysics.
Objectives
The subject Histology and General physiology is programmed during the second semester of the first course of the Degree of Biomedical Sciences and develops the knowledge of the basic principles of the function of cells and tissues of the human organism. The acquisition of the competences of this subject will allow the student to be well prepared to confront the study of the histology physiology of the different systems of the human body during the second course.
The general training objectives of the course are:
- Differentiate different types of tissues by their histological and functional characteristics.
- Identify the different cell types that constitute each tissue and describe its most important differential characteristics.
- To learn the basic mechanisms of body tissue operation.
- Use textbooks, atlases and specific Internet resources for the study of matter.
- Develop with ease in the management of the optical microscope and the study of histological preparations.
- To learn the electrophysiological techniques for evaluating the nervous and muscular system.
Unless the restrictions imposed by the health authorities require a prioritization or reduction of such content.
Learning outcomes
- CM08 (Analyse measurable experimental parameters in tissues in normal or pathological physiological conditions, integrating this data to interpret biological significance.) Analyse measurable experimental parameters in tissues in normal or pathological physiological conditions, integrating this data to interpret biological significance.
- CM09 (Orally communicate the fundamental aspects of a topic in the field of molecular biology and histology to specialist and non-specialist audiences.) Orally communicate the fundamental aspects of a topic in the field of molecular biology and histology to specialist and non-specialist audiences.
- KM09 (Describe the morphological and biochemical characteristics of tissues and cells in the human body.) Describe the morphological and biochemical characteristics of tissues and cells in the human body.
- KM10 (Identify functional heterogeneity in tissue and certain experimental methods for its observation.) Identify functional heterogeneity in tissue and certain experimental methods for its observation.
- KM11 (Identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell size and differentiation stage in tissues.) Identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell size and differentiation stage in tissues.
- SM10 (Apply bioinformatics resources when searching for information in databases on molecular and histological processes in the human body.) Apply bioinformatics resources when searching for information in databases on molecular and histological processes in the human body.
- SM11 (Use histological, immunological and molecular techniques to study human pathologies.) Use histological, immunological and molecular techniques to study human pathologies.
- SM12 (Microscopically identify the different organs and tissues of the body.) Microscopically identify the different organs and tissues of the body.
Contents
GENERAL HISTOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO HISTOLOGY
- Concept of fabric
- Basic techniques in histology
- Classification of tissues.
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- Concept of epithelial tissue
- Lining epithelia.
- Glandular epithelia.
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- Concept of connective tissue
- Connective tissue components (matrix and cells)
- Varieties of connective tissue
- Differential characteristics of connective tissues: connective, blood, adipose, cartilage and bone
MUSCLE TISSUE
- Concept of muscle tissue
- Varieties of muscle tissue.
- Skeletal muscle tissue
- Cardiac muscle tissue.
- Smooth muscle tissue.
NERVOS TISSUE
- Concept of nervous tissue: peripheral and central nervous system
- Nervous tissue cells (neurons and glial cells)
- Concept of synapses.
GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
-Basics of cell physiology
-Function of cellular compartments
IONIC TRANSPORT THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE Cell
-Concentrations in intracellular and extracellular medium ions
-Diffusion through the cell membrane. Ionic channels
PHYSIOLOGY OF CELLS EPITHELIAL CELLS
-Functional structure of the epithelium
-Epithelial Transport
-Physiology of the epithelial glands. Secretion mechanisms
ELECTRICAL CELLULAR PHENOMENA CELLULAR
-Transmembrane resting potential
-Local potential and excitability
-Action potential.Spread of action potential
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
-Electric synapses.
-Chemical synapses. Synapses structure and function
-General characteristics of the chemical neurotransmission
-Postsynaptic Receptors.Postsynaptic potentials
MUSCLE EXCITATION AND CONTRACTION
-Functional organization of striated muscle fibers
-Electrical phenomena
-Mechanical phenomena
-Variations in muscle contractility
-Energetic muscle contraction
-Types of skeletal muscle fibers
-Contraction of smooth muscle fibers
-Contraction of skeletal muscle
AXONAL REGENERATION AFTER INJURIES TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Walleriana Degeneration
- Axonal regeneration in peripheral nervous system injuries
- Axonal regeneration in lesions of the central nervous system
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study | 70 | 2.8 | CM08, KM10, KM11, SM10, SM12 |
| Resolution of problems | 10 | 0.4 | CM08, KM09, KM10, KM11, SM12 |
| Work Elaboration | 10 | 0.4 | CM08, KM10, KM11, SM12 |
| Seminars | 10 | 0.4 | CM08, CM09, KM09, KM10, KM11, SM10, SM11 |
| Lectures | 36 | 1.44 | CM08, KM09, KM10, KM11, SM12 |
| Individual tutorials | 4 | 0.16 | KM09, KM10, KM11, SM10, SM11, SM12 |
Lectures:
Systematic explanation of the subject topics, giving relevance to the most important concepts. The student acquires the basic scientific knowledge of the subject in theory classes, which will be complement by self study of the themes of the subject program
Seminar Sessions:
Presentation and work on cases or problems of relevance for the learning of the subject. The knowledge acquired in the theory classes and in the personal study are applied to the resolution of practical cases that are posed in the seminars. Students work in small groups.
Tutorials
The tutorials will be done in a personalized way to the teacher's office (hours to be agreed). The tutorías aim to clarify concepts, to establish the acquired knowledge and to facilitate the study by the students. They can also be used to resolve doubts that students have about preparing the seminars.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preparation and presentation of the problems and cases (Histology) | 10 | 1 | 0.04 | CM08, CM09, KM09, KM10, KM11, SM10, SM11, SM12 |
| Preparation and presentation of the problems and cases (Physiology) | 10 | 3 | 0.12 | CM08, CM09, KM09, KM10, KM11, SM10, SM11, SM12 |
| Theory exam (Histology) | 40 | 4 | 0.16 | CM08, KM10, KM11, SM12 |
| Theory exam (Physiology) | 40 | 2 | 0.08 | CM08, CM09, KM11 |
Evaluation
The evaluation of the subject will be based on the theoretical and practical content of the subject.
Each module of the subject will be evaluated individually.
Modules for the evaluation of Histology and General Physiology are the following:
-General Histology
-General Physiology
1. Continuous evaluation:
Module: General Histology
The evaluation system is organized in two sections, each of them will be evaluated independently and assigned a specific weight in the final grade of the module:
- Examination of objective tests (40% of the final grade).A written test will be carried out at the end of the contents of the General Histology program that may contain multiple choice questions, identification of images, and/or clinical cases. If it is obtained a grade lower than 4 (out of 10) in this test, it will not be able to weight this grade with that obtained in the seminars, and consequently, the student will have to perform the retaking exam.
- Seminars (10% of the final grade). Attendance at seminars is mandatory.
Module: General Physiology
The evaluation system is organized in two sections, each of them will be evaluated independently and will be assigned a specific weight in the final grade of the module:
- Examination of objective multiple-choice and/or written tests on the knowledge acquired (40% of the final grade). Students who have obtained a grade lower than 5 (out of 10) in this test will not be able to weight tis grade with that obtained in the presentation of problems andcases and, therefore, they must perform the retaking exam.
- Evaluation of the preparation and presentations of the problems and cases (activity evaluated through the Moodle application) (10% of the final grade)
To pass the subject, each of the two modules must be passed with a minimum grade of 5.0 in the same academic year. In this case, the final grade will be the average of the marks obtained in each of the two modules of the subject. In case of not passing any of the two modules, the maximum grade obtained will be 4.8.
It will be considered as "not evaluable" those students who do not perform the partial and retaking exams.
Retake examination
A retake examination will be available to students who have not passed the course through continuous assessment. Students will only be required to retake the modules that were not passed during the continuous assessment process in the same academic year.
The retake examination for each module may consist of objective assessment tests, including multiple-choice questions, written responses, and/or the identification of images related to the course content.
2. Single evaluation
Students can benefit from the single evaluation system, according to the regulations of the Faculty. The single evaluation will be based on the same content of the program of the subject, the acquisition of the same competences, and will have the same level of demand as the continuous evaluation.
The single evaluation will consist of tests carried out by each of the two modules of the subject that will be carried out on the same date.
For the evaluation of each module, an exam consisting of multiple-choice questions and/or written questions and/or identification of images will be carried out to evaluate the theoretical knowledge of the subject and the concepts related to the seminars/cases, with a weighting of 80% and 20%, respectively, of the overall grade of each module.
To pass each module it will be necessary to obtain a minimum of 5.0 in the exam.
To pass the subject it will be necessary to have passed all the two modules with a minimum of 5.0. In this case, the final grade will be the average of the grade obtained in each of the two modules. In case of not passing any of the two modules, the maximum grade obtained will be 4.8.
Retaking exam. The same system will be applied as for continuous evaluation.
It will be considered as \"not evaluable\" those students who do not perform the partial and retaking exams
Bibliography
- BERNE R, LEVY M. Fisiología (7ª ed.). Elsevier-Mosby, 2018.
- GARTNER, L.P. HIATT, J.L. Texto Atlas de Histologia. Mc Graw-Hill, 2015.
- GENESER, F.: Histología (ed. Panamericana) 2014.
- GUYTON AC, HALL JE. Tratado de Fisiología Médica (14ª ed.). Elsevier-Saunders, 2021.
https://www-clinicalkey-com.are.uab.cat/student/content/toc/3-s2.0-C20200037060
- KIERSZENBAUM, A L. Histología y Biología Celular. Introducción a la Anatomia Patológica. Elsevier-Mosby 2012.
- ROSS Y PAWLINA, Histología (8ªed.) Panamericana, 2020.
- MATTHEWS GG. Neurobiology. Molecules, Cells, and Systems. (2ª ed.). Blackwell Science, 2001.
- OVALLE. Netter's Essential Histology (2ªed). Saunders, 2013
- PURVES D. Neurociencia (5ª ed.). Panamericana, 2021
- STEVENS, A. Y LOWE, J.: Histología humana (5ªed.) Elsevier 2020.
- TRESGUERRES JAF. Fisiología Humana (5ª ed.). Mc Graw Hill-Interamericana, 2020.
- WILDAMEIER E, HERSHEL R, STRANG KT. Vander’ Human Physiology. The mechanism of the body (22nd Ed). Mc Graw Hill- Interamericana, 2018
- WELSCH. U. Sobotta Histologia (3ª ed.). Panamericana, 2021.
- BERNE R, LEVY M. Fisiología (7ª ed.). Elsevier-Mosby, 2018.
Software
No specific software is used
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE
| Type of teaching | Group | Language | Semester | Shift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (TE) Theory | 51 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |
| (SEM) Seminars | 511 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |
| (SEM) Seminars | 512 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |