Developmental Biology and Teratogeny
Code: 101890Credits: 6
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Biomedical Sciences | OB | 2 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Jordi Camps Polo
- Email :
- jordi.camps@uab.cat
Teaching staff
- Gemma Manich Raventos
- Pere Jordi Fàbregas Batlle
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
It is highly advisable that students know the embryology content of Human Anatomy subjects, as well as the bases of cell biology and genetics of the subjects: Genetics, Cell Biology, Molecular Biology of the Cell and Human Genetics. The teaching of the subject Biology of development and Teratogeny is organized on the basis that the students must have learned a series of previous concepts of these subjects.
It is recommended that students have sufficient knowledge of English as many of the sources of information in developmental biology and teratogenesis are in this language.
Objectives
Biology of Development and Teratogeny is a compulsory subject of 6 ECTS where teaching activities are developed with the aim that students know, understand and learn:
- the genetic, cellular and embryological bases of normal and abnormal development,
- the processes and mechanisms of the normal development of the organs and systems of the human body, at a deeper and more specific level than that achieved in other subjects of the first two courses (see Prerequisites), in which the level is more basic.
- the processes and mechanisms involved in the genesis of congenital defects (teratogenesis).
- the bases of experimental embryology and the main experimental models.
On the other hand, the subject Biology of development and Teratogeny is complemented with a practical training in the laboratory in the subject Laboratory 2 and is related to the subjects Medical Genetics (third course) and Genetics and Reproduction (optional).
Learning outcomes
- CM24 (Develop personal values and interpersonal skills for working in groups and multidisciplinary teams in the fields of genetics, embryology and human biology.) Develop personal values and interpersonal skills for working in groups and multidisciplinary teams in the fields of genetics, embryology and human biology.
- CM25 (Analyse sex/gender differences in the fields of genetics, embryology and human biology.) Analyse sex/gender differences in the fields of genetics, embryology and human biology.
- KM30 (Describe the organisation, evolution, interindividual variation and expression of the human genome and its implications for human development and function.) Describe the organisation, evolution, interindividual variation and expression of the human genome and its implications for human development and function.
- KM31 (Define the genetic foundations of the main genetic diseases, such as cancer, and their impact on human pathologies and infertility.) Define the genetic foundations of the main genetic diseases, such as cancer, and their impact on human pathologies and infertility.
- KM32 (Define the principles of safety and quality in biomedical sciences, good laboratory practices, and bioethical standards related to cytogenetic, embryological, and human biology studies.) Define the principles of safety and quality in biomedical sciences, good laboratory practices, and bioethical standards related to cytogenetic, embryological, and human biology studies.
- SM27 (Critically analyse experimental results in the field of human genetics, embryology and human biology.) Critically analyse experimental results in the field of human genetics, embryology and human biology.
Contents
BLOCK 1.- GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT BIOLOGY AND TERATOGENY:
1) Concepts, history and scientific-professional fields of application
2) Normal development in the human
a) Preparation for pregnancy:
i) Gametogenesis
ii) Preparation of the female genital tract for pregnancy
iii) Gamete transport and fertilization
b) Prenatal development: Human embryonic and fetal periods:
i) Segmentation of the zygote: properties of development during segmentation
ii) Transport and Implantation of the blastocyst. ectopic pregnancy
iii) Formation of the bilaminar embryonic disc, the amniotic, vitelline and chorionic sacs, of the extraembryonic mesoderm and the chorion
iv) Gastrulation: formation of the trilaminar embryonic disc. Derivatives of the germinal layers.
v) Embryonic organogenesis
vi) Fetal period.
vii) Estimation of the degree of development and gestational age.
c) Postnatal development: breastfeeding, childhood, adolescence, initial adulthood.
d) Development of the placenta and fetal adnexal membranes
e) Cell biology and development genetics:
i) Cell differentiation and control of gene expression
ii) Proliferation and cell death
iii) Cell adhesion and Morphogenesis
iv) Genes of control of embryonic development. Gene families
v) HOX genes and genes with Homeobox. Normal functions and associated pathologies
vi) Growth factors and associated pathologies
vii) WNT family and BMP. associated pathologies
viii) Hedgehog Genes. associated pathologies
ix) Genetic control of the formation pattern. Gastrulation
x) Biology and moleculargenetics of the early stages of development
xi) Establishment of the embryo body plan
xii) Neurulation
xiii) Somitogenesis. Segmentation clock
xiv) Differentiation of muscle cells
f) Embryology of multiple gestations and associated congenital pathologies.
3) Abnormal development in humans:
a) Concept of physical congenital defects (FCD) and congenital anomaly. Incidence and health repercussions.
b) FCDs: Classification:
i) According to severity: FCD higher and lower
ii) According to the pathogenesis: Primary and secondary FCDs: deformation; disruption; malformation and dysplasia
iii) According to clinical presentation. Simple and multiple FCDs: syndrome; association and sequence.
c) Chromosomal syndromes.
d) Teratogenicity:
i) Factors and teratogenic agents.
(1) Genetic factors: Microduplications and chromosomal microdeletions. epigenetics and developmental alterations.
(2) Environmental factors: Basic principles in teratogenesis. Pathogenesis of congenital malformations.
(3) Multifactorial inheritance
ii) Epidemiology of congenital defects
4) Experimental embryology.
a) Principles of experimental embryology
b) Study techniques.
5) Comparative embryology: Biological bases and experimental animal models. EVO-DEVO
BLOCK 2.- MOLECULAR, CELLULAR, TISSUE, GENETIC AND EMBRYOLOGICAL BASES OF THE NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE PHYSICAL CONGENITAL DEFECTS OF THE APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS IN THE HUMAN.
1) Normal and anomalous development of integuments
2) Normal and abnormal development of the trunk: parietal elements and cavities
3) Normal and abnormal development of the limbs
4) Normal and abnormal development of the pharyngeal apparatus and the craniofacial massif
5) Normal and abnormal development of the nervous system, the neural crest and the sense organs
6) Normal and abnormal development of the circulatory system and blood cells
7) Normal and abnormal development ofthe digestive and respiratory systems
8) Normal and abnormal development of the urinary and genital apparatus
9) Development mechanisms involved in cancer and regeneration
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Classroom practices | 9 | 0.36 | CM24, KM32, SM27 |
| Face-to-face and virtual tutors | 5 | 0.2 | CM25, KM30, KM31, KM32, SM27 |
| Study | 58 | 2.32 | CM24, CM25, KM30, KM31, KM32 |
| work production | 12 | 0.48 | CM24, CM25, KM30, KM31, SM27 |
| Reading of texts | 10 | 0.4 | CM24, CM25, KM30, KM31, SM27 |
| virtual Lectures | 10 | 0.4 | CM25, KM30, KM31, KM32, SM27 |
| Documentation search | 5 | 0.2 | CM24, SM27 |
| Lectures | 36 | 1.44 | CM24, CM25, KM30, KM31, SM27 |
Theoretical classes: They are programmed so that the students acquire the scientific knowledge related to the general aspects of the normal development in the human and, more specifically, with the molecular, tissular, genetic and embryological bases of the normal development and malformations
Classroom practices: The topics 1.3.ci.1, 1.5 and 2.10 are dealt with in classroom practices. In addition there will be classroom practices dedicated to the preparation, presentation and discussion of scientific articles related to the subject.
Virtual learning: Some aspects of the sections treated in the theoretical classes and classroom practices, must be obtained from teaching material provided through the virtual campus of the UAB.
Work in groups: Work teams consisting of three or four students, must do the critical analysis of scientific articles related to development biology and / or teratogenesis, submit a written report (abstract in Catalan, Spanish and English) and do them an oral presentation in public.
In any of the above-mentioned training activities, students are encouraged to learn autonomous learning, with which they must essentially complete their training.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of teamwork | 25% | 1 | 0.04 | CM24, KM30, KM31, SM27 |
| continued evaluation | 15% | 1 | 0.04 | CM24, KM30, KM31, SM27 |
| Partial evaluations | 60% | 3 | 0.12 | CM24, CM25, KM30, KM31, KM32, SM27 |
A. Continued evaluation:
1. Follow-up evaluations: Along the course, the students will do evaluation exams or short works, related to the subject. The value of the average grade obtained in the follow-up assessments will represent 15% of the final mark.
2. Assessment of teamwork: It will represent 25% of the final mark. The qualification obtained can be modified individually if it is considered that the participation in the work of the group is much lower than expected. If a student does not attend the public presentation of the work, they will be qualified with half of the score obtained by the team. Those students who register for the second or more times on the subject and have carried out the activity in previous courses, having obtained a qualification equal or superior to 5 (in scale of 0-10 points), will be exempt to realize the activity in the current course where it will be applied the previously obtained mark. However, this exemption can be waived by participating in the activity of the current course, knowing that by calculating the final grade, the work mark corresponding to the last participation in the activity will be applied. This exemption will remain as long as the regulations have not changed.
3. Partial evaluations: Two objective tests are scheduled, each of which will include all the contents of each Block. They will consist of individual test exams with five options and one valid (penalization of 0.25 points for each incorrect answer). The mark of each test will represent 30% of the global mark of the subject.
4. Recovery exam: In order to participate in the recovery, the students must have been previously evaluated in a series of activities whose weight equals to a minimum of two thirds of the global gradeofthe subject or module. Recovery of each one of the partial evaluations will be carried out, with the same weighting as in the previous ones. Inthis exam can also participate the students who wish to improve their qualification, either to obtain the grade of sufficiency or to improve the previously obtained mark. In any case, the marks obtained in the recovery exam will only be applied when they represent an improvement of the qualification obtained previously.
Sufficiency mark: The sufficiency in the subject will be obtained with a weighted grade equal to or greater than 5 (scale 0-10). In order to make the weighted sum of all the marks included in the continuous assessment of the subject, it will be necessary to obtain a note greater than or equal to 4 in each partial evaluation. In the event that this requirement is not met, the final mark may not be greater than 4 points (scale 0-10)
Synthesis Test: From the second registration, students will be able to opt for an examination of the totality of the subject of the subject instead of the exam of recovery of the continuous evaluation. The mark achieved the synthesis test will represent up to 75% of the final mark and the remaining 25% will correspond to the qualification achieved in team work. The mark that results from the weighted sum of these two grades will be the final mark of the subject.
Not evaluable: Students will obtain the \"Non-Valuable\" qualification when the evaluation activities carried out have a weighting of less than 67% in the final grade.
B. Single evaluation
Test of evaluation of theoretical knowledge (60 % of the mark of the single evaluation)
It consists of an objective test (multiple choice type) in which the contents of the theoretical classes and the theoretical contents of the classroom practices will be evaluated.
Teamwork (25% of the mark of the single evaluation)
This work will have the same characteristics as that carried out in the continuous evaluation with the following particularities:
- The work will be individual.
- There will be no delivery of a preliminary report.
- The oral presentation will be made in the single evaluation session.
- The written work will represent 70% of the grade of the activity and the oral presentation will represent 30% of the grade of the work.
Follow-up evaluations (15% of the mark of single evaluation)
They will have the same characteristics as in the continuous evaluation with the difference that the delivery will be made on the day of the single evaluation.
Recovery
In the recovery, only the objective test of theoretical knowledge of the same characteristics of that carried out in the first instance of the single evaluation will be carried out. From the \"teamwork\" and the \"follow-up evaluations\" the grade obtained in the first instance will be preserved.
The commission of any irregularity in an assessment activity (academic fraud, plagiarism, or improper use of AI, unless such use is expressly authorized in the course guide) that may lead to a significant alteration of the grade will result in that assessment activity being graded 0.If the course guide stipulates that obtaining a minimum grade in that assessment activity is an essential requirement for passing the course, or if multiple irregularities occur in the assessment activities of the same course, the final grade for the course will be 0. In addition, disciplinary proceedings may be initiated against any student who commits any of these irregularities.
Bibliography
ALBERTS et al. (2015). Molecular Biology of the Cell. 6ena edició. Garland Science (London)
CARLSON BM (2019) Embriología Humana y Biología del Desarrollo. 6ena edició. Ed. Elsevier (Madrid)
COCHARD LR (2005) Netter-Atlas de Embriología humana. Ed. Elsevier-Masson (Barcelona)
MOORE KL, PERSAUD TVN, TORCHIA MG (2020) Embriología Clínica. 11ena edició. Ed. Elsevier Saunders, Barcelona.
Martínez MA, García-Peláez MI (2021) Embriología Humana y Biología del Desarrollo. 3a edició. Ed Panamericana, Buenos Aires.
ROHEN JW, LÜTJEN-DRECOLL E (2008) Embriología funcional: una perspectiva desde la biología del desarrollo. 3a edició. Ed. Médica Panamericana (Buenos Aires)
SADLER TW (2019) Embriología médica de Langman 14ena edició. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (Philadelphia)
BARRESI & GILBERT (2024) Developmental Biology. 13th edition. Oxford University Press (London-Oxford)
GRATACOS E, GÓMEZ R, NICOLAIDES K, ROMERO, R, CABERO L (2007) Medicina fetal. Ed. Médica Panamericana (Buenos Aires)
JORDE L (2020). Genética Médica. 6ena edició. Ed. Elsevier (Madrid)
KARDONG KV (2007) Vertebrados. Anatomía comparada, función y evolución. McGraw-Hill-Interamericana (Madrid)
NUSSBAUM R.L., McINNES R.R., WILLIARD H.F. (2016) Thompson & Thompson genética en medicina. 8ena edició. Ed. Elsevier-Masson (Barcelona)
WOLPERT, l. (1998) Principles of Development. Current Biology.LTD/ Oxford University Press (London-Oxford)
YOUNG ID, MUELLER, RF (2018). EMERY'S Elementos deGenética Médica .15ena edició. Ed. Elsevier (Madrid)
Software
For the development of the subject is enough with the Microsoft Office pack.
Restricted use of AI: For this subject, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is allowed exclusively in support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, text correction or translations. The students will have to clearly identify which parts have been generated with this technology, specify the tools used and include a critical reflection on how they have influenced the process and the final result of the activity. Lack of transparency in the use of AI in this assessable activity will be considered a lack of academic honesty and may result in a partial or total penalty in the grade of the activity, or greater penalties in cases of seriousness.
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE
| Type of teaching | Group | Language | Semester | Shift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (TE) Theory | 52 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |
| (PAUL) Classroom practices | 521 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |
| (PAUL) Classroom practices | 522 | Catalan | second semester | morning-mixed |