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Microbial Ecology

Code: 101020
Credits: 6
2026/2027
Degree programme Type Course
Microbiology OB 2

Contact lecturer

Name :
Olga Sanchez Martinez
Email :
olga.sanchez@uab.cat

Teaching staff

Maira Martinez Alonso

Group languages

You can consult this information at the end of the document.

Prerequisites

Although no official prerequisite exists, students are advised to review the concepts that refer to the microbial world, studied previously. Also, it is advisable to have a good knowledge of the courses completed in the degree of Microbiology, as well as on other scourses done simultaneously during the second semester.

Objectives

It is a mandatory course, nuclear of the degree of Microbiology, that introduces the student in the principles and terminology, as well as in the methods of study of Microbial Ecology. The objectives of the course are:

1. Identify the basic concepts and methods of study of Microbial Ecology.

2. Describe knowledge of the microorganisms in their natural habitats and the environmental factors that affect their distribution.

3. Recognize the main relationships established between microorganisms and other living organisms, such as plants and animals.

4. Infer the role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles.

Learning outcomes

  • CM09 (Critically review the scientific contributions of women to the study of microorganisms and other sciences related to microbiology.) Critically review the scientific contributions of women to the study of microorganisms and other sciences related to microbiology.
  • CM10 (Integrate knowledge and skills from the field of microbiology, working individually and in groups to prepare and present in writing or orally and publicly a scientific work either in English or in one's own language.) Integrate knowledge and skills from the field of microbiology, working individually and in groups to prepare and present in writing or orally and publicly a scientific work either in English or in one's own language.
  • KM16 (Identify the main relationships established by microorganisms with each other, with other living beings, with their environment and in general with the ecosystem, and the methods for studying these interactions.) Identify the main relationships established by microorganisms with each other, with other living beings, with their environment and in general with the ecosystem, and the methods for studying these interactions.
  • SM13 (Relate the basic genetic components, structures and processes of replicative microorganisms and entities with their functions and the different ecophysiological mechanisms of adaptation to their environment.) Relate the basic genetic components, structures and processes of replicative microorganisms and entities with their functions and the different ecophysiological mechanisms of adaptation to their environment.
  • SM14 (Discover the role of microorganisms as causative agents of diseases in humans, animals and plants and the processes used to control them.) Discover the role of microorganisms as causative agents of diseases in humans, animals and plants and the processes used to control them.

Contents

I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODS


1. Microbial Ecology: concept and historical development

Historical development. Microbial Ecology today. Concepts of Microbial Ecology.


2. Methods of study of Microbial Ecology (I)

Characteristics and objectives of the Microbial Ecology sampling. Sampling devices in different habitats. Preservation of samples.


3. Methods of study (II)

Quantification of microorganisms in the natural environment. Estimation of biomass. Estimation of microbial biodiversity with molecular techniques.


4. Methods of study (III)

Detection and measurement of microbial activity.


II. MICROORGANISMS IN THEIR NATURAL HABITATS


5. Microbial communities and abiotic factors

Microbial ecosystems: structure and dynamics. Environmental factors affecting the distribution of microorganisms. Extreme environments.


6. Microorganisms in their natural habitats: marine and freshwater environments

Introduction to natural environments. Water as a natural habitat. Lotic and lentic ecosystems. Coastal marine ecosystems. Open sea. Benthic environments of the deep sea.


7. Microorganisms in their natural habitats: terrestrial ecosystems

Soil composition and formation. Soil as a microbial habitat. The biosphere of the subsoil.


IIII. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN POPULATIONS


8. Interactions between microbial populations

Interactions within the same population. Transmission of chemical signals between microorganisms: quorum sensing. Neutralism. Positive interactions: commensalism, synergism and mutualism. Negative interactions: competition, amensalism, predation and parasitism.


9. Interactions between plants and microorganisms

Rhizosphere. Mycorrhizae. Fixation of nitrogen in the radical nodules. Philosphere.


10. Interactions between microorganisms and animals

Contribution of microorganisms to animal nutrition. Predation of animals by fungi. Other symbiotic relationships.


IV. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES


11. Microorganisms in nutrient cycles I

Carbon cycle: transfer of carbon through the trophic networks. Hydrogen cycle. Oxygen cycle.


12. Microorganisms in nutrient cycles II

Nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, iron and other elements cycles. Interrelations between cycles of different elements.

Learning activities and methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Bibliography search 15 0.6 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Preparation of oral presentation 15 0.6 CM09, CM10, KM16, SM13, SM14
Text reading 20 0.8 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Seminars 12 0.48 CM09, CM10, KM16, SM13, SM14
Study 35 1.4 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Individual/group tutorials 4 0.16 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Work writing 10 0.4 CM09, CM10, KM16, SM13, SM14
Theoretical lectures 34 1.36 KM16, SM13, SM14

The course of Microbial Ecology consists of two modules, which have been programmed in an integrated way so that the student will have to relate throughout the course the content and activities scheduled to reach the skills indicated in section 5 of this guide.

The two modules are:

Theoretical lectures. Within this module, master or expository lectures represent the main activity to be performed in the classroom and allow basic concepts to be transmitted to a large number of students in a relatively short time. They will be complemented with Powerpoint presentations and diverse didactic material that will be delivered to the students at the beginning of the course.

Seminars. They are group work sessions with a small number of students, based on work proposed by the teachers, that the students will work autonomously and will be discussed and exposed later in the classroom. Attendance at the seminar sessions is mandatory. In case of absence due to unjustified cause there will be a penalty in the seminar module note.

In this activity the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is permitted but in a restricted manner. Therefore, for this subject, the use of AI technologies is allowed exclusively in support tasks, such as bibliographic or information searches, text correction or translations. The student must clearly identify which parts have been generated with this technology, specify the tools used and include a critical reflection on how these have influenced the process and the final result of the activity. The absence of transparency in the use of AI in this assessable activity will be considered a lack of academic honesty and may lead to a partial or total penalty in the grade of the activity, or greater sanctions in serious cases.

Additional Information:

In order to support the training activities mentioned above, individual tutorials can be carried out at the request of the students at the teachers' office Olga Sánchez (C3-335) and Maira Martínez-Alonso (C3-329).

Student will have at the Moodle space all the documentation delivered by the teachers for the good monitoring of the subject. They will also be able to consult the teaching space of the Degree Coordination to obtain updated information.

Annotation: within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Assessment

Continuous assessment activities

Title Weight Hours ECTS Learning outcomes
Theoretical lectures module assessment 1 32,5 1.5 0.06 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Theoretical lectures module assessment 2 32,5 1.5 0.06 CM09, KM16, SM13, SM14
Seminars module assessment 35 2 0.08 CM09, CM10, KM16, SM13, SM14

The evaluation of the course will be individual and continuous through the following tests:

Assessment of the theoretical lectures module (65% of the overall grade): During the course two written exams of this module will be scheduled, the first exam will include topics 1 to 7, and the second exam topics 8 to 12. Each test will have a weight of 50% of the mark of the module and it will be necessary to obtain a score equal to or superior to 5 to average them. Each exam will consist of multiple choice test questions, which will allow for assessment of a large part of the contents, and/or short answer questions aimed at assessing whether the key conceptual objectives have been achieved.

Assessment of the seminars module (35% of the overall grade): Different evaluative activities related to a scientific article will be carried out, which will include the following aspects:

1. Autonomous activities that are delivered through the Moodle space and the work sessions in the classroom (10% of the overall grade).

2. Oral presentation of the work done (10% of the overall grade).

3. Written tests of oral presentations consisting of multiple choice test questions (15% of the overall grade).

It will be necessary to obtain a score equal to or superior to 4 to average them.


Final considerations:

To pass the course the student must obtain a score of 5 or higher in each module. Students who do not pass any of the modules will be able to pass them on the date scheduled for the second-chance examination of the course, where the whole content of theory and/or the written test of seminars will be included. Autonomous deliveries, oral presentations, and the written report can not be retaken.

To be eligible for the retake process, the student should have been previously evaluated in a set of activities equaling at least two-thirds of the final score of the course. Thus, the student will be graded as Non-evaluable if the weighing of all conducted evaluation activities is less than 67% of the final score.

The presentation of the student to raise the mark involves the renunciation to that obtained with the partial exams and he/she will have to perform the re-assessment of all contents of the course on the day scheduled for that purpose.

From the second course registration, those students repeating the course will not have to carry out the teaching activities, nor the assessment of those skills passed in the seminars module. That is, the mark obtained in the seminars module will be saved, as long as it has been passed.

Any irregularity in an assessment act (academic fraud, plagiarism or improper use of AI, unless this use is expressly authorized in the teaching guide), which may lead to a significant variation in the grade, means that this act will be graded with a 0. In the event that the teaching guide provides that in order to pass the subject it is an essential requirement to have obtained a minimum grade in this assessment act or that several irregularities occur in the assessment acts of the same subject, the final grade for this subject is 0. Apart from this, a disciplinary process may be initiated against the student who incurs any of these irregularities.


Single evaluation

This subject considers the single assessment system that consists of a single summary test in which the contents of the entire theory program of the subject will be assessed. The test will consist of short-answer questions aimed at assessing whether the key conceptual objectives of the subject have been achieved, as well as multiple-choice and/or true/false test-type questions, which will allow a large part of the content to be assessed. The grade obtained in this synthesis test will account for 65% of the final grade for the subject and must be equal to or greater than 5 to average with the seminars module. The single assessment will be done on the same day as the subject's assessment 2.

The evaluation of the seminar module will follow the same process as the continuous evaluation. The grade obtained will account for 35% of the final grade of the subject. Theseminar module is compulsory attendance for all sessions. It is required to have passed the seminar module (grade of 5 or higher) in order to pass the subject.

Bibliography

Textbooks:

Atlas RM, Bartha R. 2002. Ecología microbiana y microbiologia ambiental. 4ª ed., Pearson Educación SA.

Kirchman DL. 2018. Processes in microbial ecology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press. Electronic resource.

Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Bender KS, Buckley DH, Stahl DA. 2015. Brock Biología de los Microorganismos. 14ª ed. Pearson Education. Electronic resource.

Madigan MT, Bender KS, Buckley DH, Sattley WM, Stahl DA. 2021. Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 16th ed. Pearson SA.

Martín A, Béjar V, Gutiérrez JC, Llagostera M, Quesada E. 2019. Microbiología Esencial. 1ª ed. Editorial Médica Panamericana. Electronic resource.

Willey J, Sherwood LM, Woolverton CJ. 2009. Microbiología de Prescott, Harley y Klein. 7ª ed. MacGraw-Hill.

Willey JM, Sandman KM, Wood DH. 2023. Prescott's Microbiology. 12th ed. MacGraw-Hill.

Willey JM, Sandman KM. 2021. Prescott's Principles of Microbiology. 2nd ed. MacGraw-Hill. Electronic resource.

 

In this link, it can be found an infographic prepared by the Library Service to facilitate the location of electronic books: https://bibcercador.uab.cat/discovery/search?search_scope=CourseReserves&vid=34CSUC_UAB:VU1&query=course_code,contains,101020

 

Software

No specific software is needed in this subject.

Course groups and languages

The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE

Type of teaching Group Language Semester Shift
(TE) Theory 72 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 721 Catalan second semester morning-mixed
(SEM) Seminars 722 Catalan second semester morning-mixed