
Ecotoxicology and Pollution
Code: 100818Credits: 10
| Degree programme | Type | Course |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Biology | OB | 3 |
Contact lecturer
- Name :
- Xavier Domene Casadesús
- Email :
- xavier.domene@uab.cat
Teaching staff
- Eva Castells Caballe
Group languages
You can consult this information at the end of the document.
Prerequisites
Although there are no official prerequisites, the student would require a background in the following subjects: Chemistry, Cell Biology and Histology, Ecology, Plant Physiology and Animal Physiology. A significant proportion of the recommended bibliography, readings and materials worked in class will be in English, so it is recommended that students have minimal skills in this language.
Objectives
Pollution and its harmful effects on living organisms, including man, is one of the main current environmental problems. The scope of this problem is global due to transport processes between environmental compartments, seriously affecting the health of ecosystems and therefore of humanity. In this subject, the student will identify the pollution processes and their effects, while being able to decide and use the most appropriate laboratory and field techniques to evaluate them in each case.
The objectives of the subject are the student to be trained in the following skills:
A) Knowledge: to identify the environmental chemistry of the main environmental pollutants, as well as the indices that allow either the prospective or retrospective risk assessment of the potential impacts of pollution, from the effects at the molecular level to the ecosystem level.
B) Procedures: be familiar with laboratory and field techniques for assessing the impacts of pollution, solving problems and making decisions.
C) Attitudes: raise awareness and adopt critical positions regarding pollution issues.
Learning outcomes
- Communicate efficiently, orally and in writing.
- Solve problems.
- Make decisions.
- Adapt to new situations.
- Recognise the basic principles of biology that must be conveyed in the field of secondary education.
- Manage the different techniques for identifying the impacts that different types of pollution have at the level of organisms, towns, communities and ecosystem.
- Collect and analyse biological samples, as bioindicators.
- Apply knowledge of the functioning of aquatic (lakes and oceans) and aerial environments to diagnosing and solving problems caused by pollution in living beings.
- Use indices to determine the state of conservation of an ecosystem.
- Identify the principal mechanisms of spreading, transformation and accumulation of the principal contaminants in the natural environment and in the biota.
- Know the principal techniques for identifying the state of contamination of an ecosystem.
- Identify the principal types of contaminants in the aquatic and atmospheric environments.
- Introduce changes in the methods and processes of the field of knowledge to provide innovative responses to the needs and demands of society.
- Take account of social, economic and environmental impacts when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
- Actuar en l'àmbit de coneixement propi avaluant les desigualtats per raó de sexe/gènere.
Contents
Theoretical classes
BLOCK A. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Chapter 1. From the pollution sources to the effects to ecosystems.
Chapter 2. Pollution sources and main pollutants.
Chapter 3. Pollution transportation and transference between environmental compartments.
Chapter 4. Abiotic and biotic transformation of pollutants.
BLOCK B. TOXICOLOGIA: INDIVIDUO
Chapter 5. Basic concepts in toxicology.
Chapter 6. Dose-reponse relationship and toxicity indices.
Chapter 7. Toxicokinetics.
Chapter 8. Toxicodynamics: the toxic effects.
BLOCK C. ECOTOXICOLOGIA: DEL INDIVIDU AL ECOSISTEMA
Chapter 9. Introduction to ecotoxicology.
Chapter 10. Effects on populations.
Chapter 11. Effects on communities.
Chapter 12. Effects on ecosystems.
BLOCK D. METODOLOGIAS DE ESTUDIO EN ECOTOXICOLOGIA
Chapter 13. Chemical monitoring: assessment of pollution concentrations.
Chapter 14. Biological monitoring: biomarkers, bioindicators and ecological indicators.
Chapter 15. Ecological risk assessment of pollution.
Laboratory and field practices
Practice 1. Laboratory indicators: ecotoxicological tests and pollutants analysis.
Practice 2. Aquatic macroinvertebrates as field bioindicators (field trip+laboratory).
Learning activities and methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Case studies and problems | 18 | 0.72 | 1, 2, 3 |
| Seminar preparation | 30 | 1.2 | 1, 3, 10, 11 |
| Seminar session 3 | 4 | 0.16 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 |
| Laboratory practices | 21 | 0.84 | 2, 3, 6, 9 |
| Seminar sessions 1+2 | 4 | 0.16 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11 |
| Case studies and problem solving | 20 | 0.8 | 2, 3 |
| Personal study | 100 | 4 | 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 |
| Field trip | 5 | 0.2 | 7, 9 |
| Master classes | 36 | 1.44 | 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 |
The guided sessions will consist of lecture sessions supplemented with practical exercises or case studies associated at the individual or the group level, together with a field trip and two laboratory practices periods, the first at the beginning of the semester and the second just after the field trip. There will be no need to deliver any written report of the laboratory practices, but questions about the contents will be present in the corresponding tests.
At the end of the semester, once the theoretical part is finished, students will prepare a group seminar, consisting of an oral presentation + written report. The preparation of the seminar will be done in two work sessions (seminars 1 and 2), with the corresponding professor, with the aim to resolve doubts arising during the preparation of the seminar by each group of students. Each group will hand-out the report and, a few weeks later, an individual and group appraisal will be carried out (seminar 3).
The schedule for individual tutorial sessions will be arranged with the corresponding professor.
Use of AI (Model 2 – Restricted). In this course, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is permitted exclusively for support tasks (such as bibliographic or information searches, text correction or translations, or the generation of explanatory graphics). Students must clearly identify which parts have been generated using this technology, specify the tools used, and include a critical reflection on how these have influenced the process and final outcome of the activity. Failure to disclose the use of AI in this graded activity will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in a partial or total penalty on the activity's grade, or more severe sanctions in serious cases.
Assessment
Continuous assessment activities
| Title | Weight | Hours | ECTS | Learning outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Midterm exam 2 | 35% | 3 | 0.12 | 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 11 |
| Case studies and problems | 10% | 5.5 | 0.22 | 2, 3 |
| Seminar | 20% | 0.5 | 0.02 | 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 13, 14, 15 |
| Midterm exam 1 | 35% | 3 | 0.12 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 |
Evaluation activities. The evaluation will be based on two midterm exams, a seminar presented at the end of the semester, and the case studies and problems raised in class. The first half of the subject, the theoretical blocks A and B and the lab practice 1, will be evaluated in the 1st midterm test. In the 2nd midterm test half, blocks C and D and the lab practice 2 will be the one evaluated. Each of the two midterm exams will weight a 35% of the final mark. The seminar will weight 20% and the case studies and problems raised during the course a 10% of the mark. Only the midterm tests can be retaken.
Test review. At the time of publication of the exam notes in the virtual campus, the date, time and place of the review will be communicated for any interested student. There will be no individual reviews outside of these hours.
Appraisal and retake criteria. The student will be considered as ‘passed’ if the weighted mean mark for all the activities is over 5, except when the weighted mean mark of the exams is below 4.5. There is the chance of a retake exam for those students with an average mark of the midterms exams between 3.5 and 5. The retake exam will include the entire syllabus of the subject and the obtained mark will substitute that of the midterm tests, hence weighting a 70% of the global mark.
Criteria for the ‘no avaluable’ consideration. To be eligible for the retake process, the student should have been previously evaluated in a set of activities equaling at least two thirds of the final score of the course or module. Thus, the student will be graded as \"No Avaluable\" if the weight of all conducted evaluation activities is less than 67% of the final score.
Attendance. Mandatory for practical sessions and the field trips. Students missing more than 20% of programmed sessions will be graded as \"No Avaluable\".
Single evaluation (\"avaluació única\"). Due to the formative activities and the structure of the evaluation, this subject does not provide for a single assessment system.
Irregularities during assessment. Committing any irregularity in an assessment activity (academic fraud, plagiarism, or improper use of AI, unless such use is expressly authorized in the course guide) that could lead to a significant variation in the grade means that this activity will be graded with a 0. If the course guide stipulates that passing the subject requires obtaining a minimum grade in this assessment activity, or if several irregularities occur in the assessment activities of the same subject, the final grade for that subject will be 0. In addition to this, disciplinary proceedings may be initiated against a student who commits any of these irregularities.
Bibliography
Books and papers:
Forbes VE, Forbes TL. 1994. Ecotoxicology in theory and practice. Chapman & Hall. London, UK.
Gestel CAM, Brummelen TC. 1996. Incorporation of the biomarker concept in ecotoxicology calls for a redefinition of terms. Ecotoxicology 5: 217-225.
Hoffman DJ, Rattner BA, Burton GA, Cairns J. 2003. Handbook of Ecotoxicology. 2nd Edition. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, USA.
Klaassen CD, Watkins JB. 2005. Fundamentos de Toxicología. McGraw-Hill, Madrid.
Moriarty F. 1999. Ecotoxicology. Third Edition. Academic Press. London, UK.
Newman MC, Clements WH. 2007. Ecotoxicology: A comprehensive treatment. First Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, USA.
Newman MC. 2020. Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology: The Science of Pollution. 5th Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.
Brusseau ML, Pepper IL, Gerba CP. 2019. Environmental and Pollution Science. 3rd Edition. Academic Press, San Diego, USA.
Repetto M, Repetto Kuhn G. 2024. Toxicología Fundamental. 5ª Edición. Díaz de Santos, Madrid.
Van Straalen N. 2003. Ecotoxicology becomes stress ecology. Environmental Science and Technology 37: 324A–330A.
Walker CH, Sibly RM, Hopkin SP, Peakall DB. 2012. Principles of Ecotoxicology. 4th Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA..
Software
None.
Course groups and languages
The information provided is provisional until November 30. After this date, you will be able to consult the language of each group through this link. To access the information, you will need to enter the course CODE
| Type of teaching | Group | Language | Semester | Shift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (TE) Theory | 23 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (PAUL) Classroom practices | 231 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (PLAB) Practical laboratories | 231 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |
| (PCAM) Field practices | 231 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (PAUL) Classroom practices | 232 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (PLAB) Practical laboratories | 232 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |
| (PCAM) Field practices | 232 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (PLAB) Practical laboratories | 233 | Catalan | first semester | afternoon |
| (PCAM) Field practices | 233 | Catalan | first semester | morning-mixed |